ISA transactions

Publications in this journal

• Article: Runge-Kutta model-based nonlinear observer for synchronization and control of chaotic systems.

  Selami Beyhan
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  ABSTRACT: This paper proposes a novel nonlinear gradient-based observer for synchronization and observer-based control of chaotic systems. The model is based on a Runge-Kutta model of the chaotic system where the evolution of the states or parameters is derived based on the error-square minimization. The stability and convergence conditions of observer and control methods are analyzed using a Lyapunov stability approach. In numerical simulations, the proposed observer and well-known sliding-mode observer are compared for the synchronization of a Lü chaotic system and observer-based stabilization of a Chen chaotic system. The noisy case for synchronization and parameter uncertainty case for stabilization are also considered for both observer-based methods.
  ISA transactions 05/2013;
• Article: A modified technique of displacement measurement of a piston made of magnetic material inside a cylinder.

  Satish Chandra Bera, Samik Marick
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  ABSTRACT: Movement of piston inside a cylinder has many applications in industries and measurement of its displacement inside the cylinder is very much important to study its operation and control. In the present paper a non contact type displacement measurement technique of a piston made of magnetic material inside a cylinder has been proposed. In this technique, the difference of inductances of two identical coils wound outside a cylinder due to movement of piston inside it has been found to be linearly related with the displacement. A modified differential inductance measurement circuit has been designed to develop the proposed displacement transducer. The design of the circuit along with principle of operation has been described in the paper. The operation of the proposed circuit has been experimentally studied and the experimental results are reported in the paper. The proposed transducer has been found to have very good linearity and repeatability.
  ISA transactions 05/2013;
• Article: Performance comparison of optimal fractional order hybrid fuzzy PID controllers for handling oscillatory fractional order processes with dead time.

  Saptarshi Das, Indranil Pan, Shantanu Das
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  ABSTRACT: Fuzzy logic based PID controllers have been studied in this paper, considering several combinations of hybrid controllers by grouping the proportional, integral and derivative actions with fuzzy inferencing in different forms. Fractional order (FO) rate of error signal and FO integral of control signal have been used in the design of a family of decomposed hybrid FO fuzzy PID controllers. The input and output scaling factors (SF) along with the integro-differential operators are tuned with real coded genetic algorithm (GA) to produce optimum closed loop performance by simultaneous consideration of the control loop error index and the control signal. Three different classes of fractional order oscillatory processes with various levels of relative dominance between time constant and time delay have been used to test the comparative merits of the proposed family of hybrid fractional order fuzzy PID controllers. Performance comparison of the different FO fuzzy PID controller structures has been done in terms of optimal set-point tracking, load disturbance rejection and minimal variation of manipulated variable or smaller actuator requirement etc. In addition, multi-objective Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) has been used to study the Pareto optimal trade-offs between the set point tracking and control signal, and the set point tracking and load disturbance performance for each of the controller structure to handle the three different types of processes.
  ISA transactions 05/2013;
• Article: Global output feedback control for a class of high-order feedforward nonlinear systems with input delay.

  Wenting Zha, Junyong Zhai, Shumin Fei
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  ABSTRACT: This paper investigates the problem of output feedback stabilization for a class of high-order feedforward nonlinear systems with time-varying input delay. First, a scaling gain is introduced into the system under a set of coordinate transformations. Then, the authors construct an observer and controller to make the nominal system globally asymptotically stable. Based on homogeneous domination approach and Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, it is shown that the closed-loop system can be rendered globally asymptotically stable by the scaling gain. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
  ISA transactions 05/2013;
• Article: Stable adaptive PI control for permanent magnet synchronous motor drive based on improved JITL technique.

  Shiqi Zheng, Xiaoqi Tang, Bao Song, Shaowu Lu, Bosheng Ye
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  ABSTRACT: In this paper, a stable adaptive PI control strategy based on the improved just-in-time learning (IJITL) technique is proposed for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive. Firstly, the traditional JITL technique is improved. The new IJITL technique has less computational burden and is more suitable for online identification of the PMSM drive system which is highly real-time compared to traditional JITL. In this way, the PMSM drive system is identified by IJITL technique, which provides information to an adaptive PI controller. Secondly, the adaptive PI controller is designed in discrete time domain which is composed of a PI controller and a supervisory controller. The PI controller is capable of automatically online tuning the control gains based on the gradient descent method and the supervisory controller is developed to eliminate the effect of the approximation error introduced by the PI controller upon the system stability in the Lyapunov sense. Finally, experimental results on the PMSM drive system show accurate identification and favorable tracking performance.
  ISA transactions 05/2013;
• Article: Robust attitude control design for spacecraft under assigned velocity and control constraints.

  Qinglei Hu, Bo Li, Youmin Zhang
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  ABSTRACT: A novel robust nonlinear control design under the constraints of assigned velocity and actuator torque is investigated for attitude stabilization of a rigid spacecraft. More specifically, a nonlinear feedback control is firstly developed by explicitly taking into account the constraints on individual angular velocity components as well as external disturbances. Considering further the actuator misalignments and magnitude deviation, a modified robust least-squares based control allocator is employed to deal with the problem of distributing the previously designed three-axis moments over the available actuators, in which the focus of this control allocation is to find the optimal control vector of actuators by minimizing the worst-case residual error using programming algorithms. The attitude control performance using the controller structure is evaluated through a numerical example.
  ISA transactions 04/2013;
• Article: Improved direct torque control of an induction generator used in a wind conversion system connected to the grid.

  Radia Abdelli, Djamila Rekioua, Toufik Rekioua, Abdelmounaïm Tounzi
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  ABSTRACT: This paper presents a modulated hysteresis direct torque control (MHDTC) applied to an induction generator (IG) used in wind energy conversion systems (WECs) connected to the electrical grid through a back-to-back converter. The principle of this strategy consists in superposing to the torque reference a triangular signal, as in the PWM strategy, with the desired switching frequency. This new modulated reference is compared to the estimated torque by using a hysteresis controller as in the classical direct torque control (DTC). The aim of this new approach is to lead to a constant frequency and low THD in grid current with a unit power factor and a minimum voltage variation despite the wind variation. To highlight the effectiveness of the proposed method, a comparison was made with classical DTC and field oriented control method (FOC). The obtained simulation results, with a variable wind profile, show an adequate dynamic of the conversion system using the proposed method compared to the classical approaches.
  ISA transactions 04/2013;
• Article: Application of Laguerre based adaptive predictive control to Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Actuator.

  S Kannan, C Giraud-Audine, E Patoor
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  ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the use of an existing adaptive predictive controller to control some Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) linear actuators. The model consists in a truncated linear combination of Laguerre filters identified online. The controller stability is studied in details. It is proven that the tracking error is asymptotically stable under some conditions on the modelling error. Moreover, the tracking error converge toward zero for step references, even if the identified model is inaccurate. Experimental results obtained on two different kind of actuator validate the proposed control. They also show that it is robust with regard to input constraints.
  ISA transactions 03/2013;
• Article: Secure SCADA communication by using a modified key management scheme.

  Abdalhossein Rezai, Parviz Keshavarzi, Zahra Moravej
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  ABSTRACT: This paper presents and evaluates a new cryptographic key management scheme which increases the efficiency and security of the Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) communication. In the proposed key management scheme, two key update phases are used: session key update and master key update. In the session key update phase, session keys are generated in the master station. In the master key update phase, the Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) protocol is used. The Poisson process is also used to model the Security Index (SI) and Quality of Service (QoS). Our analysis shows that the proposed key management not only supports the required speed in the MODBUS implementation but also has several advantages compared to other key management schemes for secure communication in SCADA networks.
  ISA transactions 03/2013;
• Article: IIR approximations to the fractional differentiator/integrator using Chebyshev polynomials theory.

  M Romero, A P de Madrid, C Mañoso, B M Vinagre
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  ABSTRACT: This paper deals with the use of Chebyshev polynomials theory to achieve accurate discrete-time approximations to the fractional-order differentiator/integrator in terms of IIR filters. These filters are obtained using the Chebyshev-Padé and the Rational Chebyshev approximations, two highly accurate numerical methods that can be computed with ease using available software. They are compared against other highly accurate approximations proposed in the literature. It is also shown how the frequency response of the fractional-order integrator approximations can be easily improved at low frequencies.
  ISA transactions 03/2013;
• Article: Enhanced robust fractional order proportional-plus-integral controller based on neural network for velocity control of permanent magnet synchronous motor.

  Bitao Zhang, Youguo Pi
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  ABSTRACT: The traditional integer order proportional-integral-differential (IO-PID) controller is sensitive to the parameter variation or/and external load disturbance of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). And the fractional order proportional-integral-differential (FO-PID) control scheme based on robustness tuning method is proposed to enhance the robustness. But the robustness focuses on the open-loop gain variation of controlled plant. In this paper, an enhanced robust fractional order proportional-plus-integral (ERFOPI) controller based on neural network is proposed. The control law of the ERFOPI controller is acted on a fractional order implement function (FOIF) of tracking error but not tracking error directly, which, according to theory analysis, can enhance the robust performance of system. Tuning rules and approaches, based on phase margin, crossover frequency specification and robustness rejecting gain variation, are introduced to obtain the parameters of ERFOPI controller. And the neural network algorithm is used to adjust the parameter of FOIF. Simulation and experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper not only achieve favorable tracking performance, but also is robust with regard to external load disturbance and parameter variation.
  ISA transactions 03/2013;
• Article: Comparison of model-based and conventional controllers on a pilot-scale heat exchanger.

  Pramod R Raul, Haritha Srinivasan, Sanket Kulkarni, Mazdak Shokrian, Glory Shrivastava, R Russell Rhinehart
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  ABSTRACT: This pilot-scale heat exchanger demonstration compares two relatively simple nonlinear model-based control strategies to conventional proportional-integral (PI) control. The two nonlinear controllers, generic model control (GMC) and process-model based control (PMBC), use a first-principles model thereby providing characterization of the nonlinear process throughout the operating range. There are two approaches to GMC, one uses a dynamic model, the other a steady-state model. This work uses the steady-state model; accordingly, will use the term GMC-SS, which can be classified as output characterization for a PI controller, making it relatively simple to implement. PMBC uses a dynamic model and adapts to represent the process. These two nonlinear controllers were selected for this application evaluation because of their simplicity (they can be implemented in-house within many commercial control systems), diversity (steady-state and dynamic models), and demonstrated utility for control of nonlinear single-input-single-output processes. The application and results are presented and discussed. Summarizing the results: Within a small temperature operating range PI provides good control, but over the full operating range, the nonlinear and variable delay of the process lead to poor control with PI. GMC can handle the nonlinear issues, but using the convenient steady-state model; it also, provides poor control because of the variable delay associated with flow rate. PMBC was able to provide good control throughout the entire operating range. PMBC has a further advantage of only having one tuning coefficient, while PI and GMC-SS have two.
  ISA transactions 02/2013;
• Article: Design of adaptive fuzzy wavelet neural sliding mode controller for uncertain nonlinear systems.

  Maryam Shahriari Kahkeshi, Farid Sheikholeslam, Maryam Zekri
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  ABSTRACT: This paper proposes novel adaptive fuzzy wavelet neural sliding mode controller (AFWN-SMC) for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. The main contribution of this paper is to design smooth sliding mode control (SMC) for a class of high-order nonlinear systems while the structure of the system is unknown and no prior knowledge about uncertainty is available. The proposed scheme composed of an Adaptive Fuzzy Wavelet Neural Controller (AFWNC) to construct equivalent control term and an Adaptive Proportional-Integral (A-PI) controller for implementing switching term to provide smooth control input. Asymptotical stability of the closed loop system is guaranteed, using the Lyapunov direct method. To show the efficiency of the proposed scheme, some numerical examples are provided. To validate the results obtained by proposed approach, some other methods are adopted from the literature and applied for comparison. Simulation results show superiority and capability of the proposed controller to improve the steady state performance and transient response specifications by using less numbers of fuzzy rules and on-line adaptive parameters in comparison to other methods. Furthermore, control effort has considerably decreased and chattering phenomenon has been completely removed.
  ISA transactions 02/2013;
• Article: Feature subset selection using constrained binary/integer biogeography-basedoptimization.

  Samaneh Yazdani, Jamshid Shanbehzadeh, Ehsan Aminian
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  ABSTRACT: Feature selection plays a crucial role in applications where data consists of hundreds of features due to curse of dimensionality. This paper presents two feature selection methods by modifying the main operators of Biogeography-Based Optimization algorithm. The difference between these methods is in employing binary or integer coding. The simulations perform on datasets with different feature dimensions and classes. The results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed methods in comparison with other most frequently used meta-heuristic strategies in feature selection problems.
  ISA transactions 02/2013;
• Article: Robust stability analysis of genetic regulatory network with time delays.

  Pin-Lin Liu
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  ABSTRACT: The robust asymptotic stability problem of genetic regulatory networks with time delays is investigated by Lyapunov functional approach and linear matrix inequality techniques (LMIs). Stability criteria for the delayed genetic regulatory networks are expressed as a set of LMIs, yielding much less conservative analytic results. New criteria with reduced conservatism are obtained and they involve less matrix parameters than the existing ones. Finally, three numerical examples are presented to illustrate effectiveness and less conservative results.
  ISA transactions 02/2013;
• Article: Design of a robust observer-based modified repetitive-controlsystem.

  Lan Zhou, Jinhua She, Min Wu, Yong He
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  ABSTRACT: This paper concerns the design of a robust observer-based modified repetitive-control system for a class of strictly proper plants with periodic time-varying uncertainties. It exploits the inherent structure characteristics of repetitive control to convert the design problem to a robust stabilization problem for a continuous-discrete two-dimensional system. The singular-value decomposition and Lyapunov stability theory are used to derive a linear-matrix-inequality-based design algorithm for the parameters of control and state-observer gains. Two tuning parameters are introduced to perform the preferential adjustment of control and learning. A numerical example illustrates the adjusting procedure and demonstrates the validity of the method.
  ISA transactions 02/2013;
• Article: Active disturbance rejection control for fractional-ordersystem.

  Mingda Li, Donghai Li, Jing Wang, Chunzhe Zhao
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  ABSTRACT: Fractional-order proportional-integral (PI) and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are the most commonly used controllers in fractional-order systems. However, this paper proposes a simple integer-order control scheme for fractional-order system based on active disturbance rejection method. By treating the fractional-order dynamics as a common disturbance and actively rejecting it, active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) can achieve the desired response. External disturbance, sensor noise, and parameter disturbance are also estimated using extended state observer. The ADRC stability of rational-order model is analyzed. Simulation results on three typical fractional-order systems are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
  ISA transactions 02/2013;
• Article: Dynamic compensation based adaptive control of thermo-acoustic instabilities in Rijke tube: An experimental validation.

  Wei Wei, Jing Wang, Dong-Hai Li, Min Zhu, Hao-Jie Tang, Fang-Long Weng
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  ABSTRACT: This paper describes experimental investigations of an adaptive control for suppressing thermo-acoustic instabilities in Rijke tube. Strong coupling between pressure oscillations and unsteady heat release excites a self-sustained acoustic wave which results in a loud, annoyed sound and may also lead to a structural damage to the combustion chamber. Adaptive controller based on dynamic compensation is adopted to suppress the instabilities in Rijke tube. The controller provides proper control action in response to pressure changes in combustors. Unknown noise and disturbance will be estimated and compensated actively by adaptive controller, which makes the feedback control less dependent on the precise model of the complex thermo-acoustic processes in Rijke tube. Experiment results confirm the controller employed is effective in breaking up the oscillations in Rijke tube.
  ISA transactions 02/2013;
• Article: Development of soft sensor for neural network based control of distillation column.

  Asha Rani, Vijander Singh, J R P Gupta
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  ABSTRACT: The present work is aimed at the design of Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) and adaptive linear network (ADALINE) based soft sensors and their application in inferential control of a multicomponent distillation process. Further the ADALINE sensor is trained online using past measurements, to adapt the changes in the inputs and is termed as dynamic ADALINE (D-ADALINE) sensor. The soft sensors are then used in the control loop to obtain LM based inferential controller (LMIC), ADALINE based inferential controller (ADIC) and D-ADALINE based inferential controller (DADIC) for the process. The performance of dynamic controller is also analyzed for different inputs and sampling intervals. The comparison of results shows the efficient and robust prediction capability of D-ADALINE sensor and hence DADIC proves to be the best controller.
  ISA transactions 01/2013;
• Article: Partial and total actuator faults accommodation for input-affine nonlinear process plants.

  Amin Mihankhah, Farzad R Salmasi, Karim Salahshoor
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  ABSTRACT: In this paper, a new fault-tolerant control system is proposed for input-affine nonlinear plants based on Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) structure. The proposed method has the capability to accommodate both partial and total actuator failures along with bounded external disturbances. In this methodology, the conventional MRAS control law is modified by augmenting two compensating terms. One of these terms is added to eliminate the nonlinear dynamic, while the other is reinforced to compensate the distractive effects of the total actuator faults and external disturbances. In addition, no Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) unit is needed in the proposed method. Moreover, the control structure has good robustness capability against the parameter variation. The performance of this scheme is evaluated using a CSTR system and the results were satisfactory.
  ISA transactions 01/2013;