Obesity Research & Clinical Practice (OBES RES CLIN PRACT)

Publications in this journal

• Article: Dietary supplementation with long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and weight loss in obese adults

  Irene Munro, Manohar Garg
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 01/2013; 7:e173 - e181.
• Article: Effect of a family-based cognitive behavioural intervention on body mass index, self-esteem and symptoms of depression in children with obesity (aged 7—13): A randomised waiting list controlled trial

  Yngvild S. Danielsen, Inger Hilde Nordhus, Petur Juliusson, Magne Mæhle, Ståle Pallsen
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  ABSTRACT: Objective: We examined the effect of a 12-week family-based cognitive behavioural weight management programme developed for use in primary care settings. Methods: The sample consisted of 49 children with obesity (aged 7—13 years; mean ± SD: 10.68 ±1.24). Families were randomly assigned to immediate start-up of treatment or to a 12-week waiting list condition. Outcome measures were body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS), self-esteem, symptoms of depression and blood parameters indicative of cardio-metabolic risk. Assessments were conducted at baseline, post-treatment, post-waiting list and 12 months after treatment termination. Results: The mean reduction for the treatment group was −0.16 BMI SDS units compared with an increase of 0.04 units for the waiting list group (p = .001). For the entire sample, there was a significant post-treatment improvement on BMI SDS (p = .001), all self-esteem measures (p = .001—.041) and symptoms of depression (p = .004). The mean BMI SDS reduction was −0.18 units post-treatment, and it was maintained at 12-month follow-up. Significant reductions were found in blood lipid levels of total cholesterol (p = .03), LDL-cholesterol (p = .005) and HDL-cholesterol (p = .01) at 12-month follow-up. The favourable effect on most of the psychological measures waned from post-treatment to follow-up, but not approaching baseline levels. Boys demonstrated significantly greater reductions in BMI SDS than girls (p = .001), while baseline psychiatric co-morbidity did not influence BMI SDS outcome. Conclusions: The treatment shows significant and favourable effects on BMI SDS, selfesteem and symptoms of depression compared with a waiting list condition.
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 06/2012;
• Article: Depression, anxiety, and neuroticism in obese patients waiting for bariatric surgery: Differences between patients with and without eating disorders and subthreshold binge eating disorders

  Jens Dahl, Lasse Eriksen, Einar Vedul-Kjelsås, Magnus Strømmen, Bård Kulseng, Ronald Mårvik, Are Holen
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  ABSTRACT: Objective This study investigated self-reported levels of depression, anxiety and neuroticism in obese patients waiting for bariatric surgery. The patients who indicated that they might have eating disorders (ED) or subthreshold binge eating disorders (SBED) were compared with those without. Method The design was cross sectional. Obese patients (n=160, 117 women, 43 men) returned self-report questionnaires: Eating Disorders in Obesity (EDO) indicated eating disorder status; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) assessed symptoms and caseness of depression and anxiety; and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-12) captured neuroticism. Age, BMI and gender were also recorded. Results Patients with ED (n=28) presented significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety and neuroticism as well as more HADS-cases for depression and anxiety than those without ED (n=109). Patients with sub-diagnostic binge eating disorders (SBED, n=23) also reported significantly more depression symptom levels, and number of HADS-cases of depression, than those without ED. In addition, the SBED group showed significantly more neuroticism than patients without ED. No significant differences were found between men and women, for high/low age, or for high/low BMI. Conclusion The data displayed that obese pre-surgery patients with eating disorders have more psychological problems than those without. Patients with SBED were more similar to those with full scale eating disorders in their level of depression and neuroticism than those without ED. Clinically, obese patients with SBED should probably be regarded as those who have full scale ED.
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 04/2012;
• Article: Relationship between Obesity, Depression, and Disability in Middle-Aged Women.

  David Arterburn, Emily O Westbrook, Evette J Ludman, Belinda Operskalski, Jennifer A Linde, Paul Rohde, Robert W Jeffery, Greg E Simon
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Obesity and depression are closely linked, and each has been associated with disability. However, few studies have assessed inter-relationships between these conditions. DESIGN AND METHODS: In this study, 4 641 women aged 40-65 completed a structured telephone interview including self-reported height and weight, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) assessment of depression, and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS II). The survey response rate was 62%. We used multivariable regression models to assess relationships between obesity, depression, and disability. RESULTS: The mean age was 52 years; 82% were white; and 80% were currently employed. One percent were underweight, 39% normal weight, 27% overweight, and 34% obese. Mild depressive symptoms were present in 23% and moderate-to-severe symptoms were present in 13%. After multivariable adjustment, depression was a strong independent predictor of worse disability in all 7 domains (cognition, mobility, self-care, social interaction, role functioning, household, and work), but obesity was only a significant predictor of greater mobility, role-functioning, household, and work limitations (P<0.05) (overweight was not significantly associated with any disability domain). Overall, the effect on disability was stronger and more pervasive for depression than obesity, and there was no significant interaction between the two conditions (P>0.05). Overweight and obesity were associated with 5 760 days of absenteeism per 1 000 person-years, and depression was associated with 18 240 days of absenteeism per 1 000 person-years. CONCLUSIONS: The strong relationships between depression, obesity and disability suggest that these conditions should be routinely screened and treated among middle-aged women.
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 01/2012; 6(3):e197-e206.
• Article: Relationship between body mass index and body fat in children: age and gender differences

  Srdic B, Obradovic B, Dimitric G, Stokic E, Babovic S
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 01/2012; 6(2):e169-173.
• Article: Dysmetabolic Signals in "Metabolically Healthy" Obesity.

  Peter Manu, Constantin Ionescu-Tirgoviste, James Tsang, Barbara A Napolitano, Martin L Lesser, Christoph U Correll
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with decreased insulin sensitivity, atherogenic dyslipidemia and hypertension, but clinical studies have also identified a "metabolically healthy" obese phenotype. OBJECTIVE: To compare the characteristics of so-called "metabolically healthy" obese (MHO), normal weight subjects (MHNW) and obese with insulin resistance in a nationally representative sample in the United States. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Insulin resistance was defined by a homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) value in the upper tertile for the entire NHANES cohort. "Metabolic health" was defined as the absence of diabetes, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and lipid-lowering therapy. The study evaluated the 314 MHO, 1173 MHNW and 843 insulin-resistant obese from among the 6485 non-diabetic, nno-pregnant adults aged 20-79 years, who participated to the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographic, metabolic, nutrition and physical activity features. RESULTS: MHO and MHNW groups were similar regarding age, and fasting glucose and triglyceride levels. MHO had higher insulin (P<0.0001), insulin resistance as measured with the homeostatic model (p<0.0001), non-HDL cholesterol (P=0.002 in females and P=0.049 in males) and C-reactive protein levels (P<0.0001 in females and P=0.038 in males), and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels (P<0.002). In addition, MHO females had higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (P=0.012) and systolic blood pressure (P=0.02), and lower intake of dietary fiber (P=0.0009) and levels of physical activity (p=0.002). Triglycerides levels were normal in the MHO group. CONCLUSIONS: "Metabolically healthy" obese people have multiple dysmetabolic changes that may signal increased risk for coronary artery disease.
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 01/2012; 6(1):e9-e20.
• Article: An assessment of the relationships between overweight, obesity, related chronic health conditions and worker absenteeism

  Jeffrey T. Howard, Lloyd B. Potter
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 01/2012;
• Article: Predictors of Retention and BMI Loss or Stabilization in Obese Youth Enrolled in a Weight Loss Intervention.

  Shetarra E Walker, Mark E Smolkin, M Layla L O'Leary, Susan B Cluett, Victoria F Norwood, Mark D Deboer, Matthew J Gurka
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  ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate predictors for intervention dropout and successful reduction of metabolic syndrome risk factors among obese children enrolled in a short-term, clinic-based weight-loss intervention. DESIGN, SETTING, SUBJECTS: Retrospective database review of 1080 children 8 months-17 y.o. seen a a pediatric obesity clinic. INTERVENTIONS: Behavior modification counseling to induce change in dietary and exercise choices. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: 1). Pre-/post-intervention change in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, insulin, and cholesterol (LDL, HDL, & total). 2) Predictors of successful decrease in BMI and clinic drop-out. ANALYSIS: Paired t-tests for pre-/post-intervention comparisons. Linear regression to assess predictors of success and predictors of drop-out, with adjustment for age, gender, race, insurance status, and service area. RESULTS: Among children evaluated, adolescent females were most likely to achieve successful decrease in BMI, insulin level, and LDL cholesterol post-intervention. Nearly 40% of children dropped out early in the intervention. Predictors of drop out included age <6y, public insurance status, follow-up scheduled during summer months, and residence in a tertiary service area. CONCLUSIONS: Clinic-based weight loss interventions can lead to successful improvements in BMI and other metabolic parameters in pediatric populations and may be more likely among adolescent females than in younger children or males. Drop-out is common, particularly among younger children, children with public insurance and children scheduled for follow-up in the summer. Identification of these drop-out predictors in individual patients may help in targeting children likely to succeed in short-term, clinic-based, weight-loss interventions.
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 01/2012; 6(4):e330-e339.
• Article: Periodontal treatment with topical antibiotics improves glycemic control in association with elevated serum adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

  Pariksha Bharti, Sayaka Katagiri, Hiroshi Nitta, Toshiyuki Nagasawa, Hiroaki Kobayashi, Yasuo Takeuchi, Hajime Izumiyama, Isao Uchimura, Shuji Inoue, Yuichi Izumi
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 12/2011;
• Article: Herbal delivery system for treatment of obesity administration of encapsulated khat-extracts on body weight of rats

  Hesham Abdul Aziz, Kok Khiang Peh, Yvonne Tze Fung Tan
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  ABSTRACT: Obesity is one of the most important problems worldwide. Khat (Catha edulis), an evergreen shrub, is thought to reduce body-weight. Its effect is more prominent when khat leaves are chewed. Thus, anti-obesity effects of khat and its associated side effects may depend on the release rate of its active constituents. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a selected low dose of dried-khat, extracted, formulated as controlled release delivery systems on the body weight (BW), food intake (FI), cholesterol (CS) and triglyceride (TG) levels in rats. Khat extract (KE) was microencapsulated (KE235) and formulated into a parenteral implant (InjKE235). The effects of KE, KE235 and InjKE235 on BW, FI, CS and TG in rats were investigated. The results showed that microcapsules sustained the khat alkaloid release with T50% 1.58 h for KE235 and 14.41 days for InjKE235. KE and KE235 caused maximum reduction in BW, FI, CS and TG during the first to third weeks but rebound gradually thereafter. On the contrary, InjKE235 exhibited a sustained reduction in BW, FI, CS and TG levels for 2 months. The T50% of KE, KE235 and InjKE235 correlated with the reduction in BW, CS and TG but not with FI. In conclusion, the subcutaneous injection and sustained release rate of khat extract play an important role in enhancing the anti-obesity effect in SD rats.
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 12/2011; 5(4):e305-e312.
• Article: Treatment of obesity in children: Parent's perceived emotional barriers as predictor of change in body fat

  Steinsbekk S, Wichstrøm L, Ødegård R
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 07/2011; 5(3):e229-e238.
• Article: Changes in ‘extra’ food intake among Australian children between 1995 and 2007

  Anna M. Rangan, Janis Kwan, Victoria M. Flood, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Timothy P. Gill
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  ABSTRACT: Objective To examine the consumption patterns of energy-dense, nutrient-poor ‘extra’ foods among Australian children and to determine any changes in consumption since the 1995 National Nutrition Survey (1995 NNS). Methods ‘Extra’ food consumption was analysed by age group and gender using 24-h recall data from the 2007 Australian National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (2007 Survey; n = 4380) and the 1995 NNS (n = 2435). Differences in percent consuming, amounts consumed and percent energy contribution were assessed. Results ‘Extra’ foods contributed 35% to daily energy intake in the 2007 survey, ranging from 24% in the 2–3 year olds to 38% in the 9–13 and 14–16 year olds. The foods contributing most to energy intake included ‘fried potatoes’ (2.9%), ‘cakes, muffins, slices’ (2.9%) and ‘potato crisps and similar snacks’ (2.6%). Compared to the 1995 NNS, total energy intake was significantly lower in the 2007 Survey (8621 kJ in 1995 versus 8330 kJ in 2007), as was the consumption of ‘extra’ foods (both in terms of weight and energy) (3645 kJ in 1995 versus 3049 kJ in 2007). All age groups reported a decline in energy intake from ‘extra’ foods of approximately 600 kJ. Conclusion The overall consumption of ‘extra’ foods seems to have decreased from 1995 to 2007. However, ‘extra’ foods continue to be over-consumed by Australian children and continuous monitoring of ‘extra’ foods consumption is highly warranted.
  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 01/2011; 5(1):e55-e63.