Australian Endodontic Journal (Aust Endod J)

Publications in this journal

• Article: Effect of post-space treatments on the push-out bond strength and failure modes of glass fibre posts.

  Hacer Deniz Arısu, Bağdagül Helvacıoğlu Kıvanç, Baran C Sağlam, Eser Simşek, Güliz Görgül
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different post-space treatments on the push-out bond strength and failure modes of glass fibre posts. Forty mandibular premolar roots were cut and endodontically treated. Post spaces were prepared and roots were divided into four groups. In group 1 distilled water irrigation (control), in group 2 2.25% NaOCl irrigation, in group 3 2.25% NaOCl + 17% EDTA irrigation were done and in group 4 diode laser was applied to the prepared post spaces. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was made for each group. Fibre posts were then luted with resin cement. Each root was prepared for push-out test. Data were statistically analysed with anova (P = 0.05). After push-out test, the failure modes were observed but not statistically analysed. There were statistically significant differences between Group 3 and Group 2 in both regions (P < 0.05), also in the middle region of Group 4 and Group 2 (P < 0.05). Cervical root segments showed higher bond strengths than middle ones in all groups (P < 0.05). The highest bond strength values were obtained from NaOCl/EDTA and the lowest bond strength values were obtained from NaOCl for both regions.
  Australian Endodontic Journal 04/2013; 39(1):19-24.
• Article: Evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of chlorhexidine gluconate, sodium hypochlorite and octenidine hydrochloride in vitro.

  Resmiye E Tirali, Haluk Bodur, Bilge Sipahi, Elif Sungurtekin
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and octenidine hydrochloride (OCT) in different concentrations against endodontic pathogens in vitro. Agar diffusion procedure was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the tested materials. Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and the mixture of these were used for this study. In the agar diffusion test, 5.25% NaOCl exhibited better antimicrobial effect than the other concentrations of NaOCl for all strains. All concentrations of OCT were effective against C. albicans and E. faecalis. Some 0.2% CHX was ineffective on all microorganisms. Antibacterial effectiveness of all experimental solutions decreased on the mixture of all strains. Decreasing concentrations of NaOCl resulted in significantly reduced antimicrobial effect.
  Australian Endodontic Journal 04/2013; 39(1):15-8.
• Article: From the literature.

  Christine Yu
  Australian Endodontic Journal 04/2013; 39(1):39-40.
• Article: The importance of soft tissue examination in post-traumatic decision-making: A case report.

  Emre Altundasar, Burak Demiralp
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Dental and facial traumas involving teeth and supporting tissues are common sports-related injuries. In this case report treatment of a 23-year-old student who had been elbowed by an opponent player during a basketball game, which caused oblique fractures on both maxillary incisor teeth is presented. The patient presented 17 days following trauma having completed full recovery of soft tissues. A fragment of upper incisor tooth had been embedded in lower lip at the time of trauma, which was covered by healing tissues. At the 1 month control the patient complained of a hard structure in his lower lip. The elusive broken fragment was revealed by a radiograph and then removed surgically. This case report is a good example of the importance of the training of general dentists about sports-related traumatic injuries as well as emphasising the importance of the use of mouthguards during contact sports.
  Australian Endodontic Journal 04/2013; 39(1):35-8.
• Article: Evaluation of microleakage of root canal fillings irradiated with different output powers of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser.

  Senem Yiğit Ozer, Emine Basaran
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the root canal seal achieved by irradiation with an erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser, and the optimal output power to remove debris and the smear layer were determined. One hundred mandibular premolar teeth were prepared and divided into four groups. Group 1 was not lased but was irrigated with 5 mL of 5.25% NaOCl and 5 mL of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Group 2 was irradiated at a panel setting of 1 W, group 3 at 2 W and group 4 at 2.5 W, with a 50% water level and 48% air-cooling level. Root canals were obturated by cold lateral compaction, and apical microleakage was measured using a fluid filtration model. The remaining debris and smear layer were evaluated via scanning electron microscopy. Statistically significant differences were detected between groups. Irradiation at 1 and 2 W using an erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser produced a seal superior to that of the other treatments.
  Australian Endodontic Journal 04/2013; 39(1):8-14.
• Article: Comparison of the centring ability of the ProTaper™ and ProTaper Universal™ rotary systems for preparing curved root canals.

  Carlos Menezes Aguiar, Pamella Bezerra Sobrinho, Fabíola Teles, Andréa Cruz Câmara, Jose Antonio Poli de Figueiredo
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the centring ability of the ProTaper™ and ProTaper Universal™ rotary systems for preparing curved root canals, by means of preoperative and postoperative imaging of a cross-section of their coronal, middle and apical thirds. Twenty mesiobuccal root canals of human mandibular first molars with a degree of curvature ranging from 55° to 60° were randomly divided into two groups of 10 specimens each: Group 1, ProTaper™ rotary system; and Group 2, ProTaper Universal™ rotary system. The data were analysed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Student's t-test at the 5% significance level. The results showed that the differences between the percentages of the presence of deviation observed were not statistically significant. Both systems showed the capacity for producing centred preparations in curved root canals with low proportions of deviation.
  Australian Endodontic Journal 04/2013; 39(1):25-30.
• Article: Apical resorption in teeth with periapical lesions: Correlation between radiographic diagnosis and SEM examination.

  Fabiana Vieira Vier-Pelisser, José Antonio Poli de Figueiredo, Marcus Vinícius Reis Só, Lisiane Estivallet, Sílvia Juliana Eickhoff
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: This study correlated the radiographic findings and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of external apical resorption (EAR) in teeth with periapical lesions. Standard radiographs were taken from 45 teeth with periapical lesions before their extraction. Using a radiographic examination, the root apex of each tooth was classified according to the EAR into the following categories: radiographic external apical resorption (REAR) absent, superficial and deep. The apical root surface was also examined with SEM. Photomicrographs of EARs were classified as periforaminal (PEAR) and foraminal (FEAR) in three degrees: 0, 1 and 2. REAR was present in 72.5% of cases, of which 20% were deep. Based upon SEM analysis, PEAR and FEAR occurred in 75.6% and 66.7% of cases respectively; 51.2% and 59% respectively, of these teeth received a score of 2. Only 15.4% of the specimens were unaffected by EAR. When teeth with periapical lesions were examined for EAR with both radiography and by SEM, there was no correlation between the findings.
  Australian Endodontic Journal 04/2013; 39(1):2-7.
• Article: Evaluation of the antifungal activity of four solutions used as a final rinse in vitro.

  Zahed Mohammadi, Luciano Giardino, Flavio Palazzi
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to compare the antifungal activity of 1.3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), MTAD and Tetraclean as a final rinse against Candida albicans in a human tooth model in vitro. Ninety extracted human maxillary central and lateral incisor teeth were randomly divided into four groups each with 20 teeth, a positive and a negative control each with five teeth. After preparing the root canals, teeth were inoculated with Candida albicans (ATCC 10261) and incubated for 72 h. Teeth were divided into four experimental groups according to the irrigation solution as follows: NaOCl, CHX, MTAD and Tetraclean. After culturing aliquots from the experimental teeth on Sabouraud 4% dextrose agar, colony-forming units were counted. The results showed that 1.3% NaOCl and 2% CHX were equally effective and significantly superior to MTAD and Tetraclean (P < 0.05). Furthermore, antifungal efficacy of Tetraclean was significantly superior to MTAD (P < 0.05).
  Australian Endodontic Journal 04/2013; 39(1):31-4.
• Article: President's report.

  Kurien Mamootil
  Australian Endodontic Journal 12/2012; 38(3):95-6.
• Article: Root discolouration following short-term application of steroid medicaments containing clindamycin, doxycycline or demeclocycline.

  Belinda Kuan-Jung Chen, Roy George, Laurence James Walsh
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Discolouration of teeth following application of intra-canal antibiotic pastes is a clinical concern. This laboratory study compared the extent of tooth discolouration from three antibiotic pastes over 4 weeks. A total of 120 root samples were prepared and the canals filled with either Ledermix (demeclocyline), Odontopaste (clindamycin) or DoxyPaste (doxycycline). Roots were photographed before and 2 or 4 weeks after incubation at 37°C and 100% humidity in complete darkness in opaque containers. Digital images were standardised and assessed for changes in luminosity. Ledermix paste caused the most discolouration of the three, at both 2 and 4 weeks. There was no significant difference between DoxyPaste and Odontopaste at 2 weeks, whereas at 4 weeks, DoxyPaste caused a greater decrease in luminosity (P < 0.05), darkening more over the second 2-week interval than treatment with Odontopaste (P < 0.05). Under zero light conditions, staining with Ledermix can still occur; indicating non-light-based chemical reactions in the staining process. Doxycycline containing intra-canal medicaments caused less staining despite being a tetracycline-based medicament.
  Australian Endodontic Journal 12/2012; 38(3):124-8.
• Article: Push-out bond strength of two root-end filling materials in root-end cavities prepared by Er,Cr:YSGG laser or ultrasonic technique.

  Noushin Shokouhinejad, Hasan Razmi, Reza Fekrazad, Saeed Asgary, Ammar Neshati, Hadi Assadian, Sanam Kheirieh
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: This study compared the push-out bond strength of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and a new endodontic cement (NEC) as root-end filling materials in root-end cavities prepared by ultrasonic technique (US) or Er,Cr:YSGG laser (L). Eighty single-rooted extracted human teeth were endodontically treated, apicectomised and randomly divided into four following groups (n = 20): US/MTA, US/NEC, L/MTA and L/NEC. In US/MTA and US/NEC groups, root-end cavities were prepared with ultrasonic retrotip and filled with MTA and NEC, respectively. In L/MTA and L/NEC groups, root-end cavities were prepared using Er,Cr:YSGG laser and filled with MTA and NEC, respectively. Each root was cut apically to create a 2 mm-thick root slice for measurement of bond strength using a universal testing machine. Then, all slices were examined to determine the mode of bond failure. Data were analysed using two-way anova. Root-end filling materials showed significantly higher bond strength in root-end cavities prepared using ultrasonic technique (US/MTA and US/NEC) (P < 0.001). The bond strengths of MTA and NEC did not differ significantly. The failure modes were mainly adhesive for MTA, but cohesive for NEC. In conclusion, bond strengths of MTA and NEC to root-end cavities were comparable and higher in ultrasonically prepared cavities.
  Australian Endodontic Journal 12/2012; 38(3):113-117.
• Article: The effect of the application of gaseous ozone and ND:YAG laser on glass-fibre post bond strength.

  Bağdagül H Kıvanç, Hacer D Arısu, Suat Ozcan, Güliz Görgül, Tayfun Alaçam
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the application of gaseous ozone and Nd:YAG laser on glass-fibre post bond strength. Forty-two madibular premolar roots were cut, endodontically instrumented and irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl. Post spaces were prepared and roots were divided into three groups (n = 14). The antimicrobial pretreatment was conducted as follows: gaseous ozone, Nd:YAG laser and control (no additional disinfection methods). Scanning electron microscope analysis was made for each group (n = 2). A resin cement was used for luting the posts. For push-out test, each root was cut horizontally (two cervical, two middle and two apical). Statistical analyses were performed with one-way anova (α = 0.05). Fracture types were observed. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in cervical and apical segments of laser and control groups (P < 0.05). The disinfection of the post spaces with Nd:YAG laser and ozone had no adverse effects on bond strength of glass-fibre post.
  Australian Endodontic Journal 12/2012; 38(3):118-23.
• Article: Regenerative endodontics as a tissue engineering approach: Past, current and future.

  Neeraj Malhotra, Kundabala Mala
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: With the reported startling statistics of high incidence of tooth decay and tooth loss, the current interest is focused on the development of alternate dental tissue replacement therapies. This has led to the application of dental tissue engineering as a clinically relevant method for the regeneration of dental tissues and generation of bioengineered whole tooth. Although, tissue engineering approach requires the three main key elements of stem cells, scaffold and morphogens, a conductive environment (fourth element) is equally important for successful engineering of any tissue and/or organ. The applications of this science has evolved continuously in dentistry, beginning from the application of Ca(OH)(2) in vital pulp therapy to the development of a fully functional bioengineered tooth (mice). Thus, with advances in basic research, recent reports and studies have shown successful application of tissue engineering in the field of dentistry. However, certain practical obstacles are yet to be overcome before dental tissue regeneration can be applied as evidence-based approach in clinics. The article highlights on the past achievements, current developments and future prospects of tissue engineering and regenerative therapy in the field of endodontics and bioengineered teeth (bioteeth).
  Australian Endodontic Journal 12/2012; 38(3):137-48.
• Article: Effect of light-activated bleaching on pulp chamber temperature rise: an in vitro study.

  Bağdagül Helvacioğlu Kivanç, Hacer Deniz Arisu, Özgür İlke Atasoy Ulusoy, Baran Can Sağlam, Güliz Görgül
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: This study aimed to compare the pulp chamber temperature changes that occur with the use of different light sources during vital bleaching with and without application of bleaching agents. One hundred and forty-four mandibular incisor teeth were divided into four groups (n = 36) according to the use of halogen light, light-emitting diode, 3 W and 1.5 W diode laser. The teeth in the main groups were divided into three subgroups (n = 12). First subgroup had no bleaching gel application. By White and Whiteness HP were applied with a thickness of 2 mm to the other subgroups respectively. The labial surfaces of the teeth were irradiated with a total time of 20 s. Temperature changes in the pulp chamber were measured and analysed by using anova and Tukey test. The 3 W diode laser induced the highest pulp chamber temperature rise (P = 0.000). Bleaching gel application reduced the temperature changes in the diode laser groups (P < 0.05). Diode laser activation during vital bleaching induces pulp chamber temperature rise, which may cause thermal tissue damage.
  Australian Endodontic Journal 08/2012; 38(2):76-9.
• Article: Queensland.

  Ian Davies
  Australian Endodontic Journal 08/2012; 38(2):91.
• Article: Western australia.

  Camilo Villegas
  Australian Endodontic Journal 08/2012; 38(2):92-3.