Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology (J Chem Tech Biotechnol)

Publications in this journal

• Article: Performance Improvement of Bacillus aryabhattai ITBHU02 for High- Throughput Production of a Tumor-Inhibitory L-asparaginase by Using Kinetic Model Based Approach

  Yogendra Singh, S. K. Srivastava
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  ABSTRACT: Background An unstructured model for batch culture production of L-asparaginase by Bacillus aryabhattai ITBHU02, by means of Luedeking-Piret incorporated logistic equation, was developed explaining the correlation between growth dynamics and enzyme production kinetics with respect to glucose depletion at different levels. The main goal was to build up an indispensable means for the process optimization, design, control and analysis of L-asparaginase production. Various thermodynamic parameters were estimated to comprehend enzyme stability and affiliated industrial applicability. Results Specific growth rate maxima were increased with increasing initial glucose concentration, whereas the specific productivity was best supported at glucose concentration 5.0 g L-1. The fermentative production of L-asparaginase was greatly influenced by oxygen supply, reaching to maximum level at aeration rate 0.6 vvm. The activation energies for growth and death rate were 33.8±6.0 and 99.8±9.0 kJ mol-1 respectively with activation enthalpy values of enzyme formation and thermal deactivation 70.2±9.0 and 46.1±11.0 kJ mol-1 respectively. Conclusion The economic production of L-asparaginase by B. aryabhattai could be achieved efficiently at low glucose concentration and mild aeration. Endogenous metabolism of the strain for L-asparaginase synthesis was thermostable up to 40°C, which makes the strain commercially important as it can be utilized for cost-effective L-asparaginase production within the countries like India, where 35-40°C temperature is quite common.
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 05/2013;
• Article: Performance Improvement of Bacillus aryabhattai ITBHU02 for High-Throughput Production of a Tumor-Inhibitory L-asparaginase by Using Kinetic Model Based Approach

  Yogendra Singh, S. K. Srivastava
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Background An unstructured model for batch culture production of L-asparaginase by Bacillus aryabhattai ITBHU02, by means of Luedeking-Piret incorporated logistic equation, was developed explaining the correlation between growth dynamics and enzyme production kinetics with respect to glucose depletion at different levels. The main goal was to build up an indispensable means for the process optimization, design, control and analysis of L-asparaginase production. Various thermodynamic parameters were estimated to comprehend enzyme stability and affiliated industrial applicability. Results Specific growth rate maxima were increased with increasing initial glucose concentration, whereas the specific productivity was best supported at glucose concentration 5.0 g L-1. The fermentative production of L-asparaginase was greatly influenced by oxygen supply, reaching to maximum level at aeration rate 0.6 vvm. The activation energies for growth and death rate were 33.8±6.0 and 99.8±9.0 kJ mol-1 respectively with activation enthalpy values of enzyme formation and thermal deactivation 70.2±9.0 and 46.1±11.0 kJ mol-1 respectively. Conclusion The economic production of L-asparaginase by B. aryabhattai could be achieved efficiently at low glucose concentration and mild aeration. Endogenous metabolism of the strain for L-asparaginase synthesis was thermostable up to 40°C, which makes the strain commercially important as it can be utilized for cost-effective L-asparaginase production within the countries like India, where 35-40°C temperature is quite common.
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 05/2013;
• Article: Removal of Tributyltin from shipyard process wastewater by Fly ash, Activated carbon and Fly ash/activated carbon Composite: Adsorption models and Kinetics

  Olushola S Ayanda, Olalekan S Fatoki, Folahan A Adekola, Bhekumusa J Ximba
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The removal of tributyltin (TBT) from shipyard process wastewater using fly ash, activated carbon and fly ash/activated carbon composite was investigated. RESULTS: Adsorption experiments performed on TBT - contaminated artificial process wastewater revealed that the adsorption capacity of TBT increases with increase in the adsorbent amount, contact time, pH, stirring speed and initial TBT concentration. The adsorption isotherms and the kinetic data were well described by the Freundlich and pseudo second-order kinetic model, respectively. The negative values of the Gibbs energy change (∆Go) indicated the spontaneous nature of the adsorption and the positive values of the enthalpy change (∆Ho) showed that the adsorption process is endothermic. Optimal conditions for the adsorption of TBT from contaminated artificial process wastewater were applied to TBT removal from natural shipyard process wastewater and the results showed that 94.2 %, 99.2 % and 99.8 % TBT were removed by the fly ash, activated carbon and fly ash/activated carbon composite, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the precursors as well as the composite could be employed as efficient adsorbents for the removal of TBT from contaminated shipyard process wastewater with the composite material exhibiting the highest adsorption efficiency.
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 03/2013;
• Article: Nitrite as oxidizing power for p-cresol removal using a denitrifying sludge: Kinetic study

  González-Blanco G, Cervantes-Carrillo F, Beristain-Cardoso R, Gomez J
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Chemical, oil refineries and petrochemical plants discharge wastewaters polluted with phenolic and nitrogen compounds. Denitrification is an economical and feasible process; however, metabolic and kinetic information is required in order to know and to control the limitations involved when nitrite is present or accumulated. The goal of this study was study the kinetic behavior of a denitrifying sludge to reduce nitrite at several p-cresol-C (p-Cr) concentrations. RESULTS: From 10 to 45 mg p-Cr L-1 tested, nitrite reduction was linked to p-Cr oxidation and the specific rate increased up to 7.02 mg NO2--N g-1 VSS h, being CO2 and N2 the products. At higher initial p-Cr concentrations an inhibition was observed, diminishing the specific rate to 1.60 mg NO2--N g-1 VSS h. Electron balance showed that p-Cr consumption was carried out by two biological processes; denitrification and fermentation. The kinetic profile followed the Haldane model, with inhibition constant (Ki) of 35.75 mg p-Cr L-1, affinity constant (Ks) of 20.32 mg p-Cr L-1 and maximum specific nitrite reduction (qmax) of 9.48 mg NO2--N g-1 VSS h. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that p-cresol can be removed by denitrification and fermentation. Kinetic information should be considered for designing and operating denitrifying reactors to treat industrial wastewaters containing phenolic compounds and nitrite.
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 03/2013; In press.
• Article: Reduction of Fe (II) EDTA‐NO using Paracoccus denitrificans and changes of Fe (II) EDTA in the system

  Ning Li, Yu Zhang, Yanmei Li, Mingxiang Chen, Xiyang Dong, Jiti Zhou
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: In the BioDeNOX technology for NOX removal from flue gas, bioreduction of Fe(II)EDTA-NO and Fe(III)EDTA are core processes. In this study, a newly isolated strain, Paracoccus denitrificans, was used to reduce Fe(II)EDTA-NO with glucose and Fe(II)EDTA as donor electrons. To better understand the change law of Fe(II)EDTA, the process of Fe(II)EDTA-NO reduction by P. denitrificans with glucose and Fe(II)EDTA as electron donors was investigated, and the factors that might affect Fe(II)EDTA concentration were studied. RESULTS: For the bioreduction process of Fe(II)EDTA-NO, P. denitrificans could use glucose and Fe(II)EDTA as electron donors. At different stages, primary electron donors were different, thereby affecting the concentration of Fe(II)EDTA in the system. It was also proved that this strain not only reduced Fe(III)EDTA with glucose as the electron donor but also secreted several substances that reacted with Fe(III)EDTA, resulting in increased Fe(II)EDTA concentration in the solution. CONCLUSIONS: This work has shown that P. denitrificans can reduce Fe(II)EDTA-NO and Fe(III)EDTA simultaneously to regenerate NOX absorption solution.
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 02/2013; Volume 88(Issue 2):pages 311–316.
• Article: A novel process for the recovery of superoxide dismutase from yeast exploiting electroextraction coupled to direct sorption

  Jesús Simental-Martínez, Rami Reddy Vennapusa, Jorge Benavides, Valentina Ganeva, Bojidar Galutzov, Marco Rito-Palomares, Marcelo Fernández-Lahore
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  ABSTRACT: Background This work presents a novel approach for the recovery and purification of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) produced in the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus var. bulgaricus (NBIMCC 1984). Electroextraction was evaluated as an alternative to bead milling for SOD release. Seven anion exchange resins were studied in order to optimize SOD purification using ion exchange chromatography. Results Electroextraction produced an enzyme solution with a specific activity 13 times higher than with mechanical extraction, demonstrating the potential of this novel technique for the selective liberation of SOD. Regarding the anion exchange resins that were studied, Amberlite™ IRA-96 and Q Sepharose™ XL were chosen as the best options for purifying SOD using chromatography in negative adsorption mode. The process developed, involving electroextraction, enzyme concentration and negative anion exchange chromatography, rendered a highly active and pure SOD preparation (specific activity: 2056 U mg−1 and 66-fold purification) with an overall recovery yield of 84%. Conclusion The results presented herein demonstrate the potential of the process developed for the recovery and purification of SOD from the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus var. bulgaricus (NBIMCC 1984). The preparation obtained could be used in the food industry as an antioxidant agent. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 01/2013;
• Article: Calibration and validation of a model describing complete autotrophic nitrogen removal in a granular SBR system

  A K Vangsgaard, A Gizem Mutlu, K V Gernaey, B F Smets, G Sin
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 01/2013;
• Article: Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents for biodiesel synthesis: A review

  H. Zhao, G. A. Baker
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  ABSTRACT: During the past decade, ionic liquids (ILs) have gained tremendous attention in nearly every branch of the chemical and physical sciences as designer (task-driven) and budding 'green' solvent alternatives to conventional volatile organics. In particular, with a more in-depth understanding of their physicochemical properties, the active exploration of ILs as alternative solvents and/or catalysts in the chemical or enzymatic (biocatalytic) production of biodiesel has gained momentum. Most excitingly, very recent developments in the science of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have initiated potentially more cost-effective approaches to biodiesel synthesis. At this stage, there is sufficient research completed to provide an important opportunity to stand back and assess the progress in the field, critically examining the strengths and limitations for IL and DES technology in biodiesel synthesis. No such comprehensive evaluation exists. This work, therefore, seeks to bridge this gap by systematically reviewing the reported methods for biodiesel production which make use of ILs, either as (co)solvent components or catalysts, highlighting existing problems and limitations, with an emphasis placed on the future research required to bypass the hurdles to employing ILs in commercial biodiesel production. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry.
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 01/2013; 88(1):3-12.
• Article: Electrochemical biosensor for detection of formaldehyde in rain water

  Seyda Korkut Ozoner, Elif Erhan, Faruk Yilmaz, Pinar Ergenekon, Ismail Anil
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 01/2013; 88(4):727-732.
• Article: Clarification of rubber mill wastewater by a plant based biopolymer - comparison with common inorganic coagulants

  Mukherjee S, Pariatamby A, Sahu J. N, Gupta B. S
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  ABSTRACT: Background: In this study, the efficiency of Guar gum as a biopolymer has been compared with two other widely used inorganic coagulants, ferric chloride (FeCl3) and aluminum chloride (AlCl3), for the treatment of effluent collected from the rubber-washing tanks of a rubber concentrate factory. Settling velocity distribution curves were plotted to demonstrate the flocculating effect of FeCl3, AlCl3 and Guar gum. FeCl3 and AlCl3 displayed better turbidity removal than Guar gum at all settling velocities. Result: FeCl3, AlCl3 and Guar gum removed 92.8%, 88.2% and 88.1% turbidity, respectively, of raw wastewater at a settling velocity of 0.1 cm min-1, respectively. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study conducted on the flocs revealed that Guar gum and FeCl3produced strong intercoiled honeycomb patterned floc structure capable of entrapping suspended particulate matter. Statistical experimental design Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to design all experiments, where the type and dosage of flocculant, pH and mixing speed were taken as control factors and, an optimum operational setting was proposed. Conclusion: Due to biodegradability issues, the use of Guar gum as a flocculating agent for wastewater treatment in industry is highly recommended. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry.
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 01/2013;
• Article: IN SITU IMAGING OF BIOPOLYMERS AND EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES IN ACTIVATED SLUDGE FLOCS OF A MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT

  Szabolcs Szilveszter, Botond Ráduly, Beáta Ábrahám, Szabolcs Lányi
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate biopolymers and extracellular enzymes in whole activated sludge flocs originating from a full-scale wastewater treatment plant, by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) techniques. Both sectioned and whole activated sludge floc samples have been stained using specific fluorochromes and immunostains in order to visualize the structural and functional characteristics of these bioaggregates. Samples were stained for visualization of lipids, sugars, total cells, esterase enzyme producing bacteria, and for β-glycosidase (EC3.2.1.21), alkaline phosphatase (EC3.1.3.1) and trypsin (EC3.4.21.4) enzymes. Simultaneous staining schemes were applied and immunostaining specificity tests were performed. RESULTS By the CLSM imaging and the 3-D reconstruction of the stained flocs the distributions of the targeted floc components were successfully assessed. The immunostain specificity controls gave satisfactory results in each case. The reflected total cells-to-enzymes ratio was repeatedly higher for the sectioned samples. CONCLUSIONS The CLSM imaging of whole sludge flocs delivers valuable information on the spatial distribution of the floc build-up materials, with a satisfactory visualization accuracy of the individual components. The images of whole and sectioned samples showed similar distributions of the floc components, but the consistent differences revealed in cells-to-enzymes ratios call for further research.
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 12/2012;
• Article: Degradation of tetracyclines in different water matrixes by advanced oxidation/reduction processes based on gamma radiation

  C.V. Gómez-Pacheco, J. Rivera-Utrilla, M. Sánchez-Polo, J.J. López-Peñalver
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 09/2012;
• Article: Biohydrogen production from glucose, molasses and cheese whey by suspended and attached cells of four hyperthermophilic Thermotoga strains

  Martina Cappelletti, Giacomo Bucchi, Jocelia De Sousa Mendes, Andrea Alberini, Stefano Fedi, Lorenzo Bertin, Dario Frascari
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Bio-hydrogen production from organic residues is an attractive process that combines energy generation with waste treatment. This work describes hydrogen production from molasses and cheese whey by biofilm and suspended-cells of four hyperthermophilic Thermotoga spp. For the best performing strain, a preliminary process optimization was performed. RESULTS: In experiments with glucose-fed T. neapolitana, HEPES was the best-performing buffer, whereas the highest H2 rate was obtained with the biofilm support exposing the highest specific surface. All the Thermotoga strains tested (T. neapolitana, T.maritima, T.naphtophila, T.petrophila) were able to produce H2 from glucose, molasses and cheese whey under both suspended- and attached-cell conditions. T. neapolitana was the best H2 producer with all three substrates. The best H2 production rate was higher on molasses (1.7 mmolH2 L−1 h−1) than on cheese whey (0.94 mmolH2 L−1 h−1), whereas the medium medium highest H2 /substrate yields were similar for the two substrates (2.95 molH2 mol−1 on molasses and 2.50 mol H2 monosaccharide consumed mol−1 on cheese whey). With both wastes, the progressive growth medium simplification allowed a drastic monosaccharide consumed reduction of medium cost, without significant losses of process performance. CONCLUSION: Both molasses and cheese whey are suitable substrates for H2 production by suspended- and attached-cells of Thermotoga species.
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 09/2012; 87(9-Special Issue: Bioremediation):1291-1301.
• Article: Effect of mass transfer on biodesulfurizationkinetics of alkylated forms ofdibenzothiophene by Pseudomonas putidaCECT5279

  Karina Boltes, Raúl Alonso del Aguila, Eloy Garcia-Calvo
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 07/2012;
• Article: Effect of coagulant-flocculant reagents on aerobic granular biomass

  Ángeles Val del Río, Nicolás Morales, Mónica Figueroa, Anuska Mosquera-Corral, José Luis Campos, Ramón Méndez
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  ABSTRACT: Abstract BACKGROUND: Technologies based on aerobic granular biomass are presented as a new alternative application to wastewater treatment due to its advantages in comparison with the conventional activated sludge processes. However, the properties of the aerobic granules can be influenced by the presence of residual amounts of coagulant-flocculant reagents, frequently used as pre-treatment before the biological process. In this work the effect of these compounds on aerobic granular biomass development was tested. RESULTS: The presence of coagulant-flocculant reagents led to a worse biomass retention capacity with a lower VSS concentration compared with a control reactor (4.5 vs. 7.9 g VSS L−1) and with a higher SVI (70 vs. 40 mL [g TSS]−1) and diameter (5.0 vs. 2.3 mm). These reagents also caused a decrease in the maximum oxygen consumption rate, but the removal efficiencies of organic matter (90%) and nitrogen (60%) achieved were similar to those in the control reactor. CONCLUSION: The continuous presence of residual levels of coagulant-flocculant reagents from the pre-treatment unit negatively affected the formation process and the physical properties of the aerobic granules; however, the removal of organic matter and nitrogen were not affected. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
  Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 07/2012; 87(7):908.