American Journal on Addictions (AM J ADDICTION)

Publications in this journal

• Article: A prospective evaluation of disability associated with alcohol use disorders in the United States: an application of the quantile regression approach

  Cheng, McBride
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Aims This study aims to estimate, using a unique quantile regression approach, the relationship linking alcohol use disorder (AUD) and disability (physical and mental) using data from a prospective study of the United States household dwelling individuals. Methods Data from the two-wave National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) are used to assess AUD-associated disability. A total of 27410 non-institutionalized adults are grouped into “never AUD” and “newly incident AUD” groups. The main outcome variables of interest are the changes in physical and mental disability levels between the two waves, as measured by summary scores of the Short Form Health Survey Version 2. Alcohol use disorder and other mental disorders are assessed by the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule DSM-IV version. Linear regression and quantile regression approaches are used for analysis. Results The occurrence of AUD is associated with poorer mental disability outcomes, mainly due to the occurrence of alcohol dependence. The association for physical disability is dependent on the history of other mental disorders. Among those with antecedent mental disorders, alcohol dependence is associated with better physical health; among those without antecedent mental disorders, alcohol dependence is associated with poorer outcomes in physical health. Conclusions Evidence tentatively supports a causal link between AUD and mental disability.
  American Journal on Addictions 01/2013;
• Article: The Role of Emotional Nonacceptance in the Relation between Depression and Recent Cigarette Smoking

  Claire E Adams, Matthew T Tull, Kim L Gratz
  American Journal on Addictions 01/2012;
• Article: An Expanded Self-Medication Hypothesis based on Cognitive-Behavioral Determinants for Heroin Abusers in Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Study

  Lee, Bowen, Oei, Yen
  American Journal on Addictions 01/2012;
• Article: A cognitive behavioral therapy for alcohol-dependent domestic violence offenders: an integrated substance abuse-domestic violence treatment approach (SADV).

  Caroline J Easton, Dolores L Mandel, Karen A Hunkele, Charla Nich, Bruce J Rounsaville, Kathleen M Carroll
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: This pilot study evaluated the efficacy of a twelve-session cognitive behavioral group therapy for alcohol-dependent males with co-occurring interpersonal violence (IPV). Participants were 85 alcohol-dependent males who were arrested for domestic violence within the past year. Seventy-eight male adults were randomized to either a cognitive behavioral Substance Abuse Domestic Violence (SADV) group (N = 40) or a Twelve-Step Facilitation (TSF) Group (N = 38). There was no significant difference between SADV versus TSF in the number of sessions attended. Regarding substance use, the group assigned to SADV reported using alcohol significantly fewer days (eg, 90 days of abstinence across the 12 weeks of treatment) as compared to the TSF group. Regarding physical violence, there was a trend for participants in the SADV condition to achieve a greater reduction in the frequency of violent episodes across time compared to individuals in the TSF group. These data suggest the promise of the SADV group therapy approach for alcohol-dependent males with a history of IPV who present for substance abuse treatment.
  American Journal on Addictions 02/2010; 16(1):24-31.
• Article: Cocaine dependence severity predicts outcome in outpatient detoxification from cocaine and alcohol.

  Kyle M Kampman, Helen M Pettinati, Joseph R Volpicelli, David M Oslin, Craig Lipkin, Thorne Sparkman, Charles P O'Brien
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: This study compared the effects of alcohol and cocaine dependence severity on the outcome of outpatient detoxification from alcohol and cocaine. Subjects included 84 subjects with both alcohol and cocaine dependence admitted for outpatient detoxification. Fifty-three of the 84 subjects (63%) completed detoxification. Baseline cocaine use, cocaine craving, and cocaine withdrawal symptoms predicted detoxification outcome, whereas alcohol use, alcohol craving, and alcohol withdrawal symptoms did not. Among cocaine- and alcohol-dependent subjects, cocaine dependence severity appears to be a more important predictor of detoxification success than alcohol dependence severity.
  American Journal on Addictions 07/2009; 13(1):74-82.
• Article: Drug interactions between opioids and antiretroviral medications: interaction between methadone, LAAM, and nelfinavir.

  Elinore F McCance-Katz, Petrie M Rainey, Patrick Smith, Gene Morse, Gerald Friedland, Marc Gourevitch, Peter Jatlow
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Understanding drug interactions between antiretrovirals and opiate therapies may decrease toxicities and enhance adherence, with improved HIV outcomes in injection drug users. We report results of a clinical pharmacology study designed to examine the interaction of the protease inhibitor, nelfinavir, with methadone and LAAM (N = 48). Nelfinavir decreased methadone exposure, but no withdrawal was observed over the five day study period. LAAM and dinorLAAM concentrations were decreased, while norLAAM concentrations were increased, with minimal overall change in LAAM/metabolite exposure. Methadone and LAAM did not affect nelfinavir concentrations, but methadone decreased M8 metabolite exposure. While no toxicities were observed, clinicians should be aware of the potential for drug interactions when patients require treatment with nelfinavir and these opiate medications.
  American Journal on Addictions 07/2009; 13(2):163-80.
• Article: Psychiatric and substance use disorders in late adolescence: the role of risk and perceived social support.

  Joseph H Beitchman, Edward M Adlaf, Leslie Atkinson, Lori Douglas, Agnes Massak, Chris Kenaszchuk
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: This article explores how measures of risk and perceived social support relate to different configurations of adolescent psychopathology using data from a community-based, longitudinal investigation of 284 individuals interviewed in 1982 at age 5 and again at age 19. Discriminant analysis was used to assess differences in risk and social support variables among eight clusters of youth: anxious, anxious drinkers, depressed, depressed drug abusers, antisocial, antisocial drinkers, drug abusers, problem drinkers, and a ninth group representing those participants without a diagnosis. The results indicated that one function, defined by loadings for (low) family support and (high) early cumulative risk, accounted for the majority of between-group associations. Two groups of drug-abusing youth with multiple adjustment problems were highest on this function, while non-disordered youth and a group of participants with substance abuse alone were lowest. Findings are discussed in terms of the need to consider comorbidity when examining risk factors for later disorder.
  American Journal on Addictions 07/2009; 14(2):124-38.
• Article: Serotonin transporter genotype and acute subjective response to amphetamine.

  David C Lott, Soo-Jeong Kim, Edwin H Cook, Harriet de Wit
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: The authors have previously shown an effect of dopamine transporter genotype on acute subjective responses to d-amphetamine, which may affect risk of addiction. They now report the results of an evaluation of the role of the serotonin transporter gene (HTT) using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design in which subjects (N = 101) completed self-report measures of subjective effect. The separate and combined analyses of the gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and the Intron 2 VNTR suggest that these two HTT polymorphisms may contribute to acute subjective responses to d-amphetamine with a small effect.
  American Journal on Addictions 07/2009; 15(5):327-35.
• Article: Child neglect and oral health problems in offspring of substance-abusing fathers.

  Ada C Mezzich, Walter A Bretz, Bang-Shiuh Day, Patricia M Corby, Levent Kirisci, Michelle Swaney, Jack R Cornelius, Robert J Weyant
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: This study examined (1) orodental (OD) problems in 10-19-year-old children of substance use disorder (SUD) (n = 127) and non-SUD fathers (n = 111) and (2) the moderating effect of child's substance use (SU) involvement in the associations of paternal SUD and neglectful parenting with OD problems in the offspring. The results showed that periodontal problems differentiated between groups and the interactions between child's SU involvement and paternal SUD and neglectful parenting were respectively associated with hard/soft tissue lesions and carious lesions in the offspring, indicating that SU involvement increases risk for OD due to paternal SUD and neglectful parenting.
  American Journal on Addictions 07/2009; 16(5):397-402.
• Article: Drug interactions between opioids and antiretroviral medications: interaction between methadone, LAAM, and delavirdine.

  Elinore F McCance-Katz, Petrie M Rainey, Patrick Smith, Gene D Morse, Gerald Friedland, Beth Boyarsky, Marc Gourevitch, Peter Jatlow
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Understanding the drug interactions between antiretrovirals and opioid therapies may decrease toxicities and enhance adherence with improved HIV outcomes in opioid-dependent individuals. The authors report the results of a clinical pharmacology study designed to determine whether significant pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic interactions occur between the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, delavirdine (DLV), and either methadone or levo-alpha acetyl methadol (LAAM) (n = 40). DLV significantly decreased methadone clearance (p = .018) and increased the methadone elimination half-life (p < .001) with a resultant increase in AUC of 19% and C(min)of 29%. The combined effect of DLV on the total concentration of LAAM and its active metabolites, norLAAM and dinorLAAM, was to significantly increase AUC by 43% (p < .001), C(max) by 30% (p = .013), and C(min) by 59% (p = .004) while decreasing T(max) (p = .05). Cognitive deficits over the seven-day study period as measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination, opioid withdrawal symptoms as measured by the Objective Opioid Withdrawal Scale, or complaints of adverse symptoms were not observed. Methadone and LAAM did not affect DLV concentrations. The findings from this study show that DLV treatment in methadone- or LAAM-maintained individuals results in altered opioid pharmacokinetics with an increased exposure and potential risk for opioid toxicity with methadone or LAAM treatment and an increased risk of cardiac toxicity with concomitant LAAM and DLV administration.
  American Journal on Addictions 07/2009; 15(1):23-34.
• Article: Validity of the distinction between primary and secondary substance use disorder in patients with bipolar disorder: data from the first 1000 STEP-BD participants.

  Mark D Fossey, Michael W Otto, William R Yates, Steve R Wisniewski, Laszlo Gyulai, Michael H Allen, David J Miklowitz, Kim A Coon, Michael J Ostacher, Jackie L Neel, Michael E Thase, Gary S Sachs, Roger D Weiss
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: The validity of a primary/secondary substance use disorder (SUD) distinction was evaluated in the first 1000 patients enrolled in the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder. Patients with primary SUD (n = 116) were compared with those with secondary SUD (n = 275) on clinical course variables. Patients with secondary SUD had fewer days of euthymia, more episodes of mania and depression, and a greater history of suicide attempts. These findings were fully explained by variations in age of onset of bipolar disorder. The order of onset of SUDs was not linked to bipolar outcomes when age of onset of bipolar disorder was statistically controlled. The primary/secondary distinction for SUD is not valid when variations in the age of onset of the non-SUD are linked to course characteristics.
  American Journal on Addictions 07/2009; 15(2):138-43.
• Article: Assessment of club drug use in a treatment-seeking sample of individuals with marijuana dependence.

  Marcia L Verduin, Rebecca A Payne, Aimee L McRae, Sudie E Back, Stacey A Simpson, Rajesh Y Sarang, Kathleen T Brady
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Club drug use is becoming increasingly popular in the United States and has been associated with chronic psychiatric symptoms and neuropsychological abnormalities. Patterns of club drug use and characteristics of club drug users are not homogeneous. Thus, treatment-seeking marijuana-dependent individuals may have a differential pattern of club drug use. Baseline assessments collected from 55 individuals participating in a pharmacological treatment study for marijuana dependence were examined. Individuals completed a 16-item self-report questionnaire assessing club drugs used, frequency and patterns of use, problems associated with use, and reasons for use. Subjects were primarily male (87.3%) and Caucasian (81.8%), with a mean age of 32.1 (+/-9.1 years). As expected, a large number of individuals had used ecstasy (75%). However, LSD and methamphetamine use was also reported by many users (82.5% and 47.5% respectively), with many individuals reporting the use of more than one club drug. Notably, 31.6% of individuals reported tolerance to club drugs. These results emphasize the significant co-occurrence of club drug use in marijuana-dependent individuals. This appears to be the first study to report on club drug use in treatment-seeking marijuana-dependent individuals. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
  American Journal on Addictions 11/2007; 16(6):484-7.
• Article: Fathers who abuse drugs and their adolescent children: longitudinal predictors of adolescent aggression.

  Judith S Brook, Tao Duan, David W Brook
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: This longitudinal study examines the relationship between earlier paternal drug abuse, environmental factors, paternal child-rearing practices, and adolescent vulnerable personality attributes and later adolescent aggressive behavior. Data were collected at two points in time, one year apart, via individual, structured interviews. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to assess the interrelationship of the earlier factors with respect to later adolescent aggression. Interviews took place in an inner-city community, within the schools and the participants' homes. Participants included low-income, predominantly African American and Hispanic adolescents (N = 296) whose fathers abused drugs. The fathers were recruited from drug-abuse treatment programs in several U.S. cities. The outcome measure was adolescent aggressive behavior at Time 2 (T2). The findings showed that paternal drug abuse, environmental factors, and paternal child-rearing practices were mediated by the adolescent's vulnerable personality attributes. The adolescent's vulnerable personality attributes were the most proximal constructs to later adolescent aggressive behavior. Both paternal drug abuse and environmental factors were mediated by paternal child-rearing practices. The findings suggest that earlier environmental stresses, paternal drug abuse, paternal child-rearing practices, and adolescent vulnerable personality attributes are associated with later adolescent aggression.
  American Journal on Addictions 09/2007; 16(5):410-7.
• Article: Do individuals with ADHD self-medicate with cigarettes and substances of abuse? Results from a controlled family study of ADHD.

  Timothy E Wilens, Joel Adamson, Stephanie Sgambati, Julia Whitley, Alison Santry, Michael C Monuteaux, Joseph Biederman
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Studies report increased rates of cigarette and substance use in youths with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), though the mechanism of risk remains unclear. The present study tests the hypothesis that ADHD individuals "self-medicate" with cigarettes and substances of abuse. As part of five- and ten-year case-control longitudinal family studies of ADHD, responses to the Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) were examined for evidence of self-medication. DUSI data from 90 ADHD probands and 96 control probands were obtained. Thirty-six percent of subjects reported self-medication, 25% used to get high, and 39% had unknown motivation. No significant differences were found between ADHD and controls in motivation. ADHD symptoms did not differ between self-medicators and subjects using to get high. DUSI problem scores were higher in ADHD (versus controls), those using to get high (versus self-medicators), and subjects using alcohol (versus other substances). More than one-third of adolescents and young adults endorsed using cigarettes and substances for self medication. Studies clarifying the role of self-medication in substance use disorders are necessary.
  American Journal on Addictions 02/2007; 16 Suppl 1:14-21; quiz 22-3.
• Article: ADHD and substance use disorders: developmental aspects and the impact of stimulant treatment.

  Jeffrey J Wilson
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Adolescents and adults with substance use disorders often demonstrate symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. These core symptoms of ADHD may contribute to the development of substance use disorders by promoting antisocial behavior and substance use; conversely, substance use itself can adversely affect these symptoms. Common deficits in self-regulatory processes could underlie the developmental progression of these disorders, deficits further worsened by ongoing substance use. Some investigators have questioned whether stimulant treatment itself could promote substance abuse, while others have argued that such treatment reduces substance abuse. With an increased awareness of the phenomenon of adult ADHD and its relevance to substance-abusing persons, there is an increased awareness of the potential benefit of ADHD treatment on substance abuse treatment outcome. Consideration of an individual's developmental relationship between attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and substance use can inform treatment planning among patients seeking substance abuse treatment.
  American Journal on Addictions 02/2007; 16 Suppl 1:5-11; quiz 12-3.
• Article: Treatment strategies for co-occurring ADHD and substance use disorders.

  John J Mariani, Frances R Levin
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common co-occurring mental disorder among patients with substance use disorders (SUD). Clinicians must be cognizant of the complicated nature of diagnosis and treatment of ADHD when comorbid with SUD. Pharmacotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for ADHD, although complementary psychotherapeutic approaches have been developed. Psychostimulant medications are the most commonly used medications to treat ADHD, but many clinicians are reluctant to prescribe stimulants to patients with SUD. Recommendations for treatment planning and clinical management for patients with co-occurring ADHD and SUD are discussed.
  American Journal on Addictions 02/2007; 16 Suppl 1:45-54; quiz 55-6.