Cerebral Cortex (CEREB CORTEX)

Publications in this journal

• Article: A Long-Range Fronto-Parietal 5- to 10-Hz Network Predicts “Top-Down” Controlled Guidance in a Task-Switch Paradigm

  Jessica Philips, Martin Vinck, Stefan Everling, Thilo Womelsdorf
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  ABSTRACT: The capacity to rapidly adjust behavioral strategies according to changing task demands is closely associated with coordinated activity in lateral and medial prefrontal cortices. Subdivisions within prefrontal cortex are implicated to encode attentional task sets and to update changing task rules, particularly when changing task demands require top-down control. Here, we tested whether these top-down processes precede stimulus processing and constitute a preparatory attentional state that functionally couples with parietal cortex. We examined this functional coupling by recording from intracranial EEG electrodes in macaques during performance of a task-switching paradigm that separates task performance that is based on controlled top-down guidance from automatic, stimulus-triggered processing modes. We identify a prefrontal-parietal network that phase synchronizes at 5–10 Hz, particularly during preparatory states that indicate top-down controlled task-processing modes. Phase relations in the network suggest that medial and lateral prefrontal cortices synchronize bidirectionally, with medial prefrontal cortex showing a phase-lead relative to left parietal recorded 5- to 10-Hz preparatory signals. These findings reveal a 5- to 10-Hz coordinated, long-range fronto-parietal network prior to actual task-relevant stimulus processing, particularly when subjects engage in controlled task processing modes.
  Cerebral Cortex 02/2013;
• Article: NMDA and AMPA/Kainate Glutamatergic Receptors in the Prelimbic Medial Prefrontal Cortex Modulate the Elaborated Defensive Behavior and Innate Fear-Induced Antinociception Elicited by GABAA Receptor Blockade in the Medial Hypothalamus.

  de Freitas RL, Salgado-Rohner CJ, Biagione AF, Medeiros P, Hallak JE, Crippa JA, Coimbra NC
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  ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to investigate the involvement of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-proprionate (AMPA)/kainate receptors of the prelimbic (PL) division of the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) on the panic attack-like reactions evoked by γ-aminobutyric acid-A receptor blockade in the medial hypothalamus (MH). Rats were pretreated with NaCl 0.9%, LY235959 (NMDA receptor antagonist), and NBQX (AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist) in the PL at 3 different concentrations. Ten minutes later, the MH was treated with bicuculline, and the defensive responses were recorded for 10 min. The antagonism of NMDA receptors in the PL decreased the frequency and duration of all defensive behaviors evoked by the stimulation of the MH and reduced the innate fear-induced antinociception. However, the pretreatment of the PL cortex with NBQX was able to decrease only part of defensive responses and innate fear-induced antinociception. The present findings suggest that the NMDA-glutamatergic system of the PL is critically involved in panic-like responses and innate fear-induced antinociception and those AMPA/kainate receptors are also recruited during the elaboration of fear-induced antinociception and in panic attack-related response. The activation of the glutamatergic neurotransmission of PL division of the MPFC during the elaboration of oriented behavioral reactions elicited by the chemical stimulation of the MH recruits mainly NMDA receptors in comparison with AMPA/kainate receptors.
  Cerebral Cortex 01/2013;
• Article: Illusory and Veridical Mapping of Tactile Objects in the Primary Somatosensory and Posterior Parietal Cortex

  Bufalari I, Di Russo F, Aglioti S.M
  Cerebral Cortex 01/2013;
• Article: Coevolution of Gyral Folding and Structural Connection Patterns in Primate Brains

  Hanbo Chen, Tuo Zhang, Lei Guo, Kaiming Li, Xiang Yu, Longchuan Li, Xintao Hu, Junwei Han, Xiaoping Hu, Tianming Liu
  Cerebral Cortex 04/2012;
• Article: DICCCOL: Dense Individualized and Common Connectivity-based Cortical Landmarks

  Dajiang Zhu, Kaiming Li, Lei Guo, Xi Jiang, Tuo Zhang, Degang Zhang, Hanbo Chen, Fan Deng, Carlos Faraco, Changfeng Jin, [......], Yan Yin, Xiaolei Hu, Lian Duan, Xintao Hu, Junwei Han, Lihong Wang, Dinggang Shen, L Stephen Miller, Lingjiang Li, Tianming Liu
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  ABSTRACT: Is there a common structural and functional cortical architecture that can be quantitatively encoded and precisely reproduced across individuals and populations? This question is still largely unanswered due to the vast complexity, variability and nonlinearity of the cerebral cortex. Here we hypothesize that the common cortical architecture can be effectively represented by group-wise consistent structural fiber connections, and take a novel data-driven approach to explore the cortical architecture. We report a dense and consistent map of 358 cortical landmarks, named Dense Individualized and Common Connectivity- based Cortical Landmarks (DICCCOL). Each DICCCOL is defined by group-wise consistent white matter fiber connection patterns derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data. Our results have shown that these 358 landmarks are remarkably reproducible over more than one hundred human brains, and possess accurate intrinsically-established structural and functional cross-subject correspondences validated by large-scale functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. In particular, these 358 cortical landmarks can be accurately and efficiently predicted in a new, single brain with DTI data. Thus, this set of 358 DICCCOL landmarks comprehensively encodes the common structural and functional cortical architectures, providing opportunities for many applications in brain science including mapping human brain connectomes, as demonstrated in this work.
  Cerebral Cortex 04/2012;
• Article: KCTD8 gene and brain growth in adverse intrauterine environment: a genome-wide association study

  T. Paus, M. Bernard, M.M. Chakravarty, G.D. Smith, J. Gillis, A. Lourdusamy, M.G. Melka, G. Leonard, P. Pavlidis, M. Perron
  Cerebral Cortex 01/2011;
• Article: The angular gyrus computes action awareness representations

  C. Farrer, S. H. Frey, J.D. Van Horn, E. Tunik, D. Turk, S. Inati, S. T. Grafton
  Cerebral Cortex 01/2008;
• Article: Working memory specific activity in auditory cortex: potential correlates of sequential processing and maintenance.

  André Brechmann, Birgit Gaschler-Markefski, Mandy Sohr, Koichi Yoneda, Thomas Kaulisch, Henning Scheich
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  ABSTRACT: Working memory (WM) tasks involve several interrelated processes during which past information must be transiently maintained, recalled, and compared with test items according to previously instructed rules. It is not clear whether the rule-specific comparisons of perceptual with memorized items are only performed in previously identified frontal and parietal WM areas or whether these areas orchestrate such comparisons by feedback to sensory cortex. We tested the latter hypothesis by focusing on auditory cortex (AC) areas with low-noise functional magnetic resonance imaging in a 2-back WM task involving frequency-modulated (FM) tones. The control condition was a 0-back task on the same stimuli. Analysis of the group data identified an area on right planum temporale equally activated by both tasks and an area on the left planum temporale specifically involved in the 2-back task. A region of interest analysis in each individual revealed that activation on the left planum temporale in the 2-back task positively correlated with the task performance of the subjects. This strongly suggests a prominent role of the AC in 2-back WM tasks. In conjunction with previous findings on FM processing, the left lateralized effect presumably reflects the complex sequential processing demand of the 2-back matching to sample task.
  Cerebral Cortex 12/2007; 17(11):2544-52.
• Article: The interaction of brain regions during visual search processing as revealed by transcranial magnetic stimulation.

  Amanda Ellison, Alison R Lane, Thomas Schenk
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  ABSTRACT: Although it has long been known that right posterior parietal cortex (PPC) has a role in certain visual search tasks, and human motion area V5 is involved in processing tasks requiring attention to motion, little is known about how these areas may interact during the processing of a task requiring the speciality of each. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), this study first established the specialization of each area in the form of a double dissociation; TMS to right PPC disrupted processing of a color/form conjunction and TMS to V5 disrupted processing of a motion/form conjunction. The key finding of this study is, however, if TMS is used to disrupt processing of V5 at its critical time of activation during the motion/form conjunction task, concurrent disruption of right PPC now has a significant effect, where TMS at PPC alone does not. Our findings challenge the conventional interpretation of the role of right PPC in conjunction search and spatial attention.
  Cerebral Cortex 12/2007; 17(11):2579-84.
• Article: Influence of syllabic lengthening on semantic processing in spoken French: behavioral and electrophysiological evidence.

  Cyrille Magne, Corine Astésano, Mitsuko Aramaki, Sølvi Ystad, Richard Kronland-Martinet, Mireille Besson
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  ABSTRACT: The present work investigates the relationship between semantic and prosodic (metric) processing in spoken language under 2 attentional conditions (semantic and metric tasks) by analyzing both behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) data. Participants listened to short sentences ending in semantically and/or metrically congruous or incongruous trisyllabic words. In the metric task, ERP data showed that metrically incongruous words elicited both larger early negative and late positive components than metrically congruous words, thereby demonstrating the online processing of the metric structure of words. Moreover, in the semantic task, metrically incongruous words also elicited an early negative component with similar latency and scalp distribution as the classical N400 component. This finding highlights the automaticity of metrical structure processing. Moreover, it demonstrates that violations of a word's metric structure may hinder lexical access and word comprehension. This interpretation is supported by the behavioral data showing that participants made more errors for semantically congruous but metrically incongruous words when they were attending to the semantic aspects of the sentence. Finally, the finding of larger N400 components to semantically incongruous than congruous words, in both the semantic and metric tasks, suggests that the N400 component reflects automatic aspects of semantic processing.
  Cerebral Cortex 12/2007; 17(11):2659-68.
• Article: Plastic phase-locking and magnetic mismatch response to auditory deviants in temporal lobe epilepsy.

  Yung-Yang Lin, Fu-Jung Hsiao, Yang-Hsin Shih, Chun-Hing Yiu, Der-Jen Yen, Sheong-Yeong Kwan, Tai-Tong Wong, Zin-An Wu, Low-Tone Ho
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  ABSTRACT: The magnetic equivalent (MMNm) of mismatch negativity may reflect auditory discrimination and sensory memory. To study whether temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) affects automatic central auditory-change processing, we recorded magnetoencephalographic (MEG) responses to standard and duration-deviant sounds in 12 TLE patients and 12 age-matched controls, and repeated MEG measurement in 8 patients 6-30 months following epilepsy surgery and in 6 controls 3-8 months after their first measurement. We compared the MMNm between patients and controls, and also evaluated intertrial phase coherences as indexed by phase-locking factors (PLF) using wavelet-based analyses. We observed longer MMNm latencies for patients than for controls. Dipole modeling and minimum-current estimates together showed bi-frontotemporal sources for MMNm. The phase locking across trials was dominant at the 4- to 14-Hz band, and the main difference in PLF between deviant- and standard-evoked responses occurred in the time frame of 150-250 ms after stimulus onset. Notably, in the 5 patients who became seizure free after removal of right temporal epileptic focus, the phase-locking phenomena resulting from deviant stimuli were enhanced, and even more distributed in the frontotemporal regions. We conclude that mesial TLE might affect auditory-change detection, and a successful surgery causes a possible plastic change in phase locking of deviant-evoked signals.
  Cerebral Cortex 12/2007; 17(11):2516-25.