Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) (Morfologiia)

Publications in this journal

• Article: [Application of immunocytochemical technique for the determination of the border between forebrain subventricular zone and striatum].

  O V Kirik, I P Grigor'ev, E G Sukhorukova, N V Pavlova, D E Korzhevskiĭ
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  ABSTRACT: Forebrain subventricular zone (SVZ)--the putative major source of neural stem cells in the brain of adult mammals--can hardly be visualized using routine histological staining. The present study was focused on the possibility of application of immunocytochemical approach for accurate delineation of the border between SVZ and striatum. It was shown that immunocytochemical reactions demonstrating tyrosine hydroxylase or synaptophysin were optimal for the determination of the border between SVZ and striatum in different mammals.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):81-4.
• Article: [Morpho-functional changes of rat ileum in ethanol intoxication].

  L M Iakovleva, L A Lobovtseva
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  ABSTRACT: The effect of chronic alcohol intoxication of 2, 4 and 6 months' duration on the morpho-functional state of the ileum was studied in male rats (n = 36) using histological, morphometric and histochemical methods. The results show that alcohol intoxication for a period of 2 months induced the changes in the mucous membrane of the ileum which in the form of its hypertrophy accompanied by the increase of epitheliocyte mitotic activity and goblet cell number. The activity of succinate dehydrogenase in the enterocytes and muscular tunic myocytes of the ileum wall was increased. After 4 and 6 months the changes included the inhibition of enterocyte mitotic activity. By 6 months of the experiment marked atrophy of the mucous membrane was noted. Succinate dehydrogenase activity was decreased in all the structures studied.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):62-6.
• Article: [Morpho-functional reaction of spleen natural killer cells and macrophages to melatonin administration to the animals kept on different illumination regimens].

  O A Shatskikh, E M Luzikova
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  ABSTRACT: The aim this investigation was to study the changes in the numbers of spleen CD57+ and CD68+ cells (natural killer cells and macrophages respectively) after melatonin administration to the animals kept on different illumination regimens. The experimental animals were given melatonin in dose of 0.03 mg per day for 2 and 4 weeks under conditions of natural illumination or artificial darkening. Spleen paraffin sections were stained using immunohistochemical methods for detection of CD57+ and CD68+ cells. It was shown that long-term administration of melatonin under conditions of natural illumination had an immunosuppressive effect, that was manifested by the depopulation of the marginal zones, white pulp and all the zones of the red pulp, parenchyma loosening and denudation of the reticular stroma of the organ. However, long-term hormone administration under conditions of artificial darkening had an immunostimulatory effect as evidenced by the increased inflow of immunocompetent cells into the spleen, their migration from the white pulp into the marginal zones and emigration into peripheral blood flow, concomitant with the increase in the number of lymphoid nodules. The number of CD57+ and CD68+ cells was increased in splenic periarterial lymphoid sheaths and decreased in B-dependent zones of the organ.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):43-6.
• Article: [Organization of the projections of the substructures of deep mesencephalic nucleus to the striatum in the dog brain].

  A I Gorbachevskaia
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  ABSTRACT: Method of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase was used to study the organization of the projections of the individual substructures of the deep mesencephalic nucleus complex to the functionally diverse regions of striatal structures of the dog brain (n=20). It was shown that the projection fibers of the neurons of the nucleus profundus mesencephali were directed to the ventro-lateral segment of the nucleus caudatus and the ventral segment of the putamen. The dorsal segment of the putamen obtains the fibers from the neurons of the nucleus cuneiformis, while the lateral segment of the nucleus accumbens received them from the neurons of the nucleus subcuneiformis. The possible pathways for conduction of the functionally diverse information and its integration in the investigated projection systems are discussed.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(2):23-7.
• Article: [To the problem of improvement of anatomical terminology].

  Iu A Bolgov
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(2):78-80.
• Article: [Morphometric characteristics of the hemomicrocirculatory bed vessels in rat colon in large bowel obstruction and after its resolution].

  I V Gaĭvoronskiĭ, A S Petrov, A S Sotnikov
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  ABSTRACT: The results are presented that describe the experimental study of colonic hemomicrocirculatory bed (HMCB) in intact rats, in animals 6 days after large bowel obstruction development that was modeled using the device created by the authors, and 1-15 days after its resolution. The most significant changes were observed in the capillaries and HMCB venular portion--capillary diameter was increased by 60-100%, while that of venules--by 73% as compared to those in control group. The degree of changes depended on the distance from the extraorgan bowel compression site. The dynamics of the normalization of morphometric parameters after colon obstruction resolution was demonstrated. It was found that the average arteriolar and venular diameters reached the initial level by day 5, while that of the capillaries by day 7 after colon obstruction resolution.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(2):35-9.
• Article: [Thymic mast cell localization at different stages of the ontogenesis in the mouse].

  V V Gusel'nikova, V F Sinitsina, E D Korol'kova, A D Kharazova, A V Polevshchikov
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  ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to characterize the population of thymic mast cells (MC) which were demonstrated by histochemical methods, at different stages of mouse ontogenesis. First MCs appeared on day 19 of intrauterine life. MCs were localized to the thymic medulla during the whole embryonic period. Individual MCs could also be identified within the cortex. Single MCs were interspersed among other thymic medullary cells. In the newborn, young and mature animals, MCs were observed in the connective tissue of the capsule and in the interlobular septa, but some MCs were also found inside the thymic lobules. In the last-mentioned case, MCs were located in the subcapsular zone. The possible functional significance of MCs localization is discussed.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(2):40-5.
• Article: [Embryological symposium of all-Russian Scientific Medical Society of Anatomists, Histologists and Embryologists, "Yugra-Embryo-2011" (Khanty-Mansiysk, October 5-6, 2011)].

  V L Ianin
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):91-3.
• Article: [Interdisciplinary integration in histology teaching in medical Universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan].

  A V Kurkin, D Kh Rybalkina
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):85-6.
• Article: [Changes in hippocampal and neocortical rat neurons induced by different regimes of hypobaric hypoxia].

  A V Churilova, T S Glushchenko, M O Samoĭlov
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  ABSTRACT: Hypobaric hypoxia may have either detrimental or adaptive effect on structural and functional characteristics of brain neurons. In this study, the effect of different regimes of hypobaric hypoxia on the structural and functional characteristics of hippocampal and neocortical neurons was examined in rats (n = 30). It was shown that severe hypoxia (induced by pressure in the pressure chamber equal to 180 Torr) caused structural neuronal damage both in the fronto-parietal neocortex and dorsal and ventral hippocampus 3 days after the exposure. The preconditioning using mild hypobaric hypoxia (pressure equal to 360 Torr) had varied effect on the morphological characteristics of brain neurons of rats, subjected to severe hypoxia. Multiple (three-trial or six-trial) preconditioning prevents structural damage of neurons induced by subsequent severe hypoxia. On the contrary, single preconditioning trial of mild hypoxia was ineffective in terms of neuroprotection.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):7-11.
• Article: [Induction of neuron morphological resistance to beta-amyloid].

  N A Kokanova, G Z Mikhaĭlova, R Sh Shtanchaev, N R Tiras, D A Moshkov
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  ABSTRACT: The effect of training adaptive vestibular stimulations on goldfish Mauthner neurons (MN) function and three-dimensional morphology was studied in experimental amyloidosis caused by application of aggregated beta-amyloid protein (Abeta25-35). It was found that as compared with control, adapted (trained) MN gained significant resistance to Abeta25-35. Taking into consideration the key role of dopamine in MN adaptation to sensory stimulations, its effect on the development of model amyloidosis was studied. It was shown that the application of dopamine onto MN as well as the increase of its concentration in brain by means of L-dopa protected MN structure and function against pathogenic influence of Abeta25-35. Using electron microscopy it was shown that dopamine protective action on neurons was due to its ability to dissociate polymer amyloid molecules into short inactive fragments.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):23-8.
• Article: [Cytotomy in multinucleated epithelial cells under experimental conditions].

  V F Ivanova
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  ABSTRACT: Multinucleated cell (MNC) cytotomy was studied in the epithelia with different functions (lining and glandular). Methods of light and electron microscopy were used to study MNCs in parietal peritoneum mesothelium of albino mice and in acinar-insular ("mixed") pancreatic cells of albino rats. Mesothelium was studied in film preparations, in which cell boundaries were demonstrated by silver nitrate. "Mixed" cells were studied by electron microscopy. Mice were injected with 0.4% hydrochloric acid, while rats were administered 40% glucose solution. MNCs in the epithelia studied were shown to be divided into cell territories, each consisting of a nucleus surrounded by the cytoplasm. These territories differed from each other by their structure and, therefore, by their functions. The appearance of plasma membranes between these cytoplasmic areas separating them into mononuclear cells or smaller MNCs, is described.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):56-61.
• Article: [Dynamics of hepatocyte ploidy changes after mechanical injury of the fetal liver under the conditions of application of biologically active drugs "Trepel" and "suvar"].

  L P Romanova, I I Malyshev
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  ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of biologically active drugs (BAD) "Trepel" and "Suvar" on the hepatocyte ploidy during the restoration of liver structure in rat fetuses and newborn pups after mechanical injury, inflicted on days 16-17 of intrauterine development (n = 112), and to determine the association of polyploidization with the other manifestations of regeneration. It was found that during the healing of mechanical liver injury in fetuses and newborn rat pups, along with hepatocytes proliferation, their polyploidization occured. This suggests that polyploidization is one of manifestations of a regenerative process. This study has also shown that BAD "Trepel" and "Suvar" activated both hepatocyte proliferation and their polyploidization. The authors believe that the stimulating effect of these substances is associated with their growth-stimulating effect which results in the change in hormonal status of rat organism.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):52-5.
• Article: [Morpho-functional changes of cloacal bursa of the herring gull in experimental infection with gull tapeworm].

  A S Fomina, S V Pronina
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  ABSTRACT: Using the methods of light microscopy, the quantitative changes in the cells of the cloacal bursa of herring gull (Larus argentatus mongolicus) chicks were studied during experimental infection with gull-tapeworm Diphyllobothrium dendriticum. The area of the follicles within the bursa and the number of eosinophils in the infected chicks were found to increase. In the follicles the number of blast cells and large lymphocytes was elevated. The reduction of small lymphocytes and plasma cells numbers in the infected gulls may be due to a slower cell cycle or cell migration into the inflammatory focus. Overall, the changes in the bursa indicate the suppression of the B-link of the host immune system in tapeworm invasion.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):39-42.
• Article: [Changes in intensity of hypoxic brain damage in rats induced by hypoxic postconditioning].

  M G Vorob'ev, E A Rybnikov, M O Samoĭlov
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  ABSTRACT: The present study has been aimed to estimate a neuroprotective effect of postconditioning (PostC) by using mild hypobaric hypoxia (360 mm Hg, 2 h) in a model of severe hypoxic brain injury (180 mm Hg, 3 h) in rats. PostC was performed by three trials of mild hypoxia with 24 h intervals, according to two different protocols--PostC was started 3 h (early PostC) or 24 h (delayed PostC) following severe hypoxia. Using histological methods and computer image analysis, loss of neurons in hippocampus and neocortex was analyzed 7 days after severe hypoxia. Severe hypoxia caused loss of 24% of neurons in layer V of the neocortex, 26% of neurons in CA1 region of hippocampus and 22% of neurons in CA4 region. Early PostC prevented loss of neurons in CA1 region of hippocampus and significantly reduced loss of neurons in neocortex (to 13%) and in CA4 region (to 10%). Delayed PostC fully prevented neuronal damage in CA4 region of hippocampus and neocortex and was to a large extent but not completely protective in CA1 region (12% of neurons were lost). The results show that PostC performed by hypobaric hypoxia has a pronounced neuroprotective effect, reducing the loss of neurons in vulnerable structures of brain (hippocampus and neocortex). The efficacy of neuroprotection depends upon the time of presentation of the first PostC session.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):12-5.
• Article: [Comparative characteristic of craniometric and computed tomography studies of the mandible structure in applied aspect of dental implantation].

  I V Gaĭvoronskiĭ, M G Gaĭvoronskaia, O V Komarnitskiĭ, A A Ponomareva
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  ABSTRACT: The series of 60 computed tomography scans of maxillofacial area performed in frontal projection, were used to study the peculiarities of mandible structure. The values of mandible morphometric parameters obtained with craniometric method and by computed tomography, were compared. The scope of computer-aided tomography in the evaluation of mandible structure variability was examined. The method of computer-aided tomography makes it possible to receive the data on mandibular corpus height and thickness and on the inclination angle of its alveolar part in the area of prospective surgical operation, as well as on the anatomic-topographical interrelations between teeth root apical portions and mandibular canal.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):71-4.
• Article: [Variant anatomy of penile venous vascular bed in adult man].

  I V Gaĭvoronskiĭ, R G Mazurenko
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  ABSTRACT: The methods of anatomical preparation and X-ray examination were applied after the preliminary injection of blood vessels with the setting and radio-opaque masses, to study the variant anatomy of penile vascular bed. Organ complexes of minor pelvis and perineum, obtained from 54 cadavers of adult men, were used. It was found that the architecture and the places of the confluence of the main veins of penis are very variable. The trunks of the superficial and deep dorsal vein (DDV) may be single or double. Venous trunks tare connected by a network of anastomoses, more developed in the root of the penis. Valve apparatus in the anastomotic veins is presented only in 80% of the observations. Under normal conditions, the valves of the anastomotic veins provide the outflow of blood in DDV of the penis. The data obtained are of practical importance for understanding the anatomical causes of erectile dysfunction of venous origin.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):47-51.
• Article: [Activation of programmed cell death and degenerative changes of neurons of mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system as a possible cause of inherited alcohol addiction].

  A V Droblenkov, N R Karelina
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  ABSTRACT: It is known that the insufficiency of mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system (MDS) lies in the basis of inherited alcohol addiction (IAA). The understanding of the pathogenesis of IAA is hampered by the absence of data on the number and volume of neuronal cell bodies in MDS and on the rate of their programmed cell death in the offspring of alcohol-dependent humans and animals. Morphological changes of neurons and macroglial cells of major MDS parts were studied in the offspring of intact Wistar rats (n = 20) and in the offspring of female rats that consumed 15% alcohol during five months, including the periods of pairing and pregnancy (n = 20). The material was obtained at 0, 5, 10, and 61 days. In brain histological sections stained with Nissl stain and using glial fibrillar acidic protein immunohistochemistry, the proportions of unaffected, hypochromic, pyknomorphic, and shadow-like neurons were determined together with the volume of unaffected neurons, oligodendrocyte, astrocyte numbers and neurono-glial index. At day 61 significant reduction in the number of unaffected and slightly changed MDS neurons was found that resulted from increased programmed cell death of neurons and their shrinkage accompanied by a partial compensatory increase in the intensity of neuron-glial interactions due to the increased number of oligodendrocytes. The alcohol addiction behavior of experimental animals was also demonstrated.
  Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia) 01/2012; 141(1):16-22.