Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger (ANN ANAT)

Publications in this journal

• Article: Morphometric analysis of the human anterior pituitary's folliculostellate cells during the aging process

  Pavlović M, Jovanović I, Ugrenović S, Vasović L, Krstić M, Bakić M, Zivković V, Stojanović V
  Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 12/2012;
• Article: A Model of Horizontal and Vertical integration of teaching on the cadaveric heart

  Samar AlSaggaf, Soad Shaker Ali, Nasra Naeim Ayoub, basem el deek
  Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 01/2010; 192.
• Article: Comparison of maximum mouth-opening capacity and condylar path length in adults and children during the growth period.

  Claudia Reicheneder, Peter Proff, Uwe Baumert, Tomas Gedrange
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  ABSTRACT: A group of 80 children ranging in age from 6 to 10 years (subdivided into groups 1-5 according to chronological age) has been compared with an adult group on the basis of condylar path length and maximum mouth-opening capacity. The condylar path length and the mouth-opening capacity were measured using the ultrasonic JMA-System for registration. In the development of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), condylar path length and mouth-opening capacity were found to increase with age in the juvenile group. In the oldest juvenile subgroup (subgroup 5; average age: 10.3 years) the condylar path length reached 17.6mm on the left and 17.3mm on the right. This is equivalent to 90.3% (left) and 91.1% (right) of the size in the adult group. The mean maximum mouth-opening capacity of the oldest juvenile subgroup was 56.3mm and reached 98.9% of the size in the adult group.
  Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 06/2008; 190(4):344-50.
• Article: Development of surgical skill with singular neurectomy using human cadaveric temporal bones.

  Georg Feigl, Izabel Kos, Friedrich Anderhuber, Jean Phillippe Guyot, Jean Fasel
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  ABSTRACT: Profound anatomical knowledge and surgical experience are essential for safe otological surgery. The surgeon's learning curve is evaluated in performing Gacek's singular neurectomy on cadaveric specimens. One otological surgeon performed Gacek's approach on 96 halves of human heads embalmed according to Thiel's method, divided into four groups (24 halves per group) and evaluated them concurrent to the evaluation of an anatomist after a first surgical attempt. Successful operations were subdivided into "direct hits" of the osseous canal of the posterior ampullary nerve also known as the singular nerve and "indirect hits" with access to the posterior ampullary recess. Unsuccessful operations showed "no hit" of the nerve without lesion of the membranous labyrinth. "Indirect" or "no hits" were reinvestigated in a second attempt to evaluate possible reclassifications due to a learning process of the surgeon. The order of dissection, the rate of success and the changes of results in correlation with the numbers of dissected specimens were documented. The success rate significantly increased from 54.2% direct hits after the first group to 87.36% in the fourth group after the first attempt. Successful operations were performed in 86.5% after completion of the first attempt and 97.9% after the second attempt. The number of new allocations decreased from 11 cases in the first group of dissected specimens to zero in the fourth group. This paper strengthens the value of cadaveric training for surgeons and the crucial role of dissection of a large number of specimens in improvement of the surgeon's experience and success rate.
  Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 06/2008; 190(4):316-23.
• Article: Distribution of LYVE-1 and CD31 in postnatal rat masseter muscle.

  Iwao Sato, Kosuke Imura, Yoko Miwa, Mami Miyado, Masataka Sunohara
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  ABSTRACT: During the development of blood vascular systems in the masseter muscle, one functional property of the blood supply via capillaries is altered by the change in feeding pattern from suckling to mastication. The lymphatic vessel hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1) is a marker of lymphatic endothelial cells. The PECAM (CD31) is also an important marker of vascular endothelial cells and lymphatic cells. The mechanisms by which circulating lymphatic endothelial cells from blood vessels in masseter muscle form a network of lymphatic capillaries and vessels functioning in jaw muscle movement remain unknown. In our results, LYVE-1- and CD31- positive reactions were located in almost identical regions at the stages examined using double immunofluorescence staining. However, the level of protein for LYVE-1 and CD31 differed between superficial and deep regions in postnatal rat masseter muscle using Western blotting analysis. The different distribution of LYVE-1 and CD31 antibody reactions was found in the deep region in contrast to that of the superficial area in 3-7-week-old rat masseter muscles. Concomitant with the increased level of protein for CD31 in the deep region, many small vessels branch in this region during development in rat masseter muscle. Therefore, different levels of protein and immunohistochemical reactions for CD31- and LYVE-1-positive cells may reflect alterations in the functional properties of the blood supply and collection via capillaries due to the changes in feeding pattern.
  Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 06/2008; 190(4):329-38.
• Article: The relationship between the internal jugular vein and common carotid artery in the carotid sheath: the effects of age, gender and side.

  Mohammadali M Shoja, Mohammad R Ardalan, R Shane Tubbs, Marios Loukas, Sakineh Vahedinia, Roghayeh Jabbary, Morteza Jalilvand, Abolhasan Shakeri
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  ABSTRACT: The internal jugular vein is often used for central venous catheter placement. The variations in the location of this vein along the major neck vessels (in the carotid sheath) may account for unsuccessful cannulations or iatrogenic arterial injuries. The aim of this study was to delineate the relation of the internal jugular vein and common carotid artery in the lower neck, and to assess the effects of age, gender and side on these anatomical structures. Two-dimensional ultrasonographic examinations of the right and left supraclavicular triangle were performed in 219 adult individuals who had no history of neck surgery or known pathology. The location of the internal jugular vein in relation to the common carotid artery was recorded. An anterolateral location of the internal jugular vein was the most common configuration observed on both sides (84% right side and 91.8% left side) followed by the lateral (14.2% right and 6.4% left) and anterior (1.4% right and 1.8% left) locations. A single case of a medial internal jugular vein was observed on the right side (0.23% of both sides). Subjects with a laterally located internal jugular vein were older than those with an anterolateral configuration (P<0.01). No gender differences were found with regard to these two configurations (P=0.867). The laterally located internal jugular vein was more frequent on right sides (P=0.007). Such information may be potentially useful for clinicians who are managing critically ill patients or patients undergoing hemodialysis.
  Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 06/2008; 190(4):339-43.
• Article: Structure, formation and role of cartilage canals in the developing bone.

  Michael J F Blumer, Stefano Longato, Helga Fritsch
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  ABSTRACT: In the long bones, endochondral bone formation proceeds via the development of a diaphyseal primary ossification centre (POC) and an epiphyseal secondary ossification centre (SOC). The growth plate, the essential structure for longitudinal bone growth, is located between these two sites of ossification. Basically, endochondral bone development depends upon neovascularization, and the early generation of vascularized cartilage canals is an initial event, clearly preceding the formation of the SOC. These canals form a discrete network within the cartilaginous epiphysis giving rise to the formation of the marrow space followed by the establishment of the SOC. These processes require excavation of the provisional cartilaginous matrix which is eventually replaced by permanent bone matrix. In this review, we discuss the formation of the cartilage canals and the importance of their cells in the ossification process. Special attention is paid to the enzymes required in disintegration of the cartilaginous matrix which, in turn, will allow for the invasion of new vessels. Furthermore, we show that the mesenchymal cells of the cartilage canals express bone-relevant proteins and transform into osteocytes. We conclude that the canals are essential for normal epiphyseal bone development, the establishment of the growth plate and ultimately longitudinal growth of the bones.
  Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 06/2008; 190(4):305-15.
• Article: Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is expressed in the ovine pancreas.

  Marcin Bartłomiej Arciszewski, Jarosław Całka, Mariusz Majewski
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  ABSTRACT: Indirect immunohistochemistry was applied to demonstrate the presence of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide expression in the pancreas of the sheep. Using double immunocytochemical staining, the co-incidence of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y (NPY) or substance P (SP) in CART-immunoreactive (IR) nerve fibers and intrapancreatic neurons was analyzed. Immunoreactivity to CART was detected in endocrine cells predominantly localized at the islet periphery. The exocrine pancreas and blood vessels were intensively innervated by CART-IR nerve fibers. Moderate numbers of CART-IR nerve terminals were found in the connective tissue, while the ductal system and islets were poorly supplied with CART-IR nerve endings. No islet penetrating CART-IR nerve fibers were detected. Approximately 53.7+/-1.8% of intrapancreatic neurons displayed immunoreactivity to CART and pancreatic ganglia were moderately supplied with CART-IR nerve fibers. Dependent upon the pancreas region, CART-IR nerve fibers showed a varying degree of co-existence of SP, VIP or NPY. CART-IR intrapancreatic neurons very frequently co-localized with SP, moderately with VIP and rarely with NPY. We conclude that abundant immunoreactivity to CART in the ovine pancreas and the co-existence of CART with other regulatory peptides may reflect a possible involvement of CART in hormone and enzyme secretion as well as regulation of pancreatic blood flow.
  Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 02/2008; 190(3):292-9.
• Article: A quantitative anatomical study on posterior mandibular interradicular safe zones for miniscrew implantation in the beagle.

  Zhiqiang Wang, Yu Li, Feng Deng, Jinlin Song, Zhihe Zhao
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  ABSTRACT: With the increasing expansion of miniscrew anchorage use in orthodontic treatment, more and more studies have been and will be carried out on the biochemistry, biomechanics and side effects of miniscrews in vivo. In such studies, a beagle has been the most commonly used animal model and its mandibular interradicular zones have been the greatest focus of interest. However, interradicular miniscrews risk failure by being loosened due to collision with adjacent roots. Therefore, it is necessary for the surgeon to be familiar with the anatomy of a beagle's mandible, especially that of the interradicular zones. This study has been performed to investigate the beagle's mandibular interradicular safe zones for miniscrew implantation to provide an anatomical guide for this type of study. Twenty-four beagle corpses were collected. Their mandible specimens were ground parallel to the respective buccal alveolar surface using a model trimmer until a horizontal plane was obtained, which was then sectioned on the line passing each tooth's central groove. In the image of this plane, cut at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mm beneath the top of the alveolar crest, the mesiodistal width between the roots of P2 and P3, P3 and P4, P4 and M1 and the mesial and distal roots of M1 were measured, respectively. Zones of mesiodistal width measurement larger than 3.2 mm were found between P4 and M1, below the 8mm cut and between the mesial and distal roots of M1, below the 4 mm cut. In addition, between P2 and P3, below the 8mm cut and between P3 and P4, below the 10 mm cut, the mesiodistal width measurement was larger than 2.2 mm. The mandibular interradicular safe zones for miniscrew implantation in the dog were located between the mesial and distal roots of M1 and between the roots of P4 and M1, where there was enough mesiodistal width. Alveolar bone was relatively narrow between P2 and P3, P3 and P4, where care must be taken during implanting.
  Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 02/2008; 190(3):252-7.
• Article: Schlemm, the body snatcher?

  Andreas Winkelmann
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  ABSTRACT: Friedrich Schlemm (1795-1858) is well known for his original description of the scleral venous sinus, known since as Schlemm's canal. He grew up in a village in the Duchy of Braunschweig (Brunswick). As his family could not afford higher education, he was apprenticed to a barber-surgeon in Braunschweig. This gave him the opportunity to study anatomy and surgery at the local Anatomico-Surgical Institute. Recently discovered archival sources demonstrate that, in June of 1816, Schlemm and a fellow student disinterred the body of a deceased woman late at night in a Braunschweig churchyard to bring the body to this Institute and study the effects of rickets on the woman's bones. They were caught and sentenced to 4 weeks of prison. Subsequently, Schlemm left Braunschweig and found work as a low-rank army surgeon in Berlin. Professor Rudolphi, the director of the Berlin Institute of Anatomy, took note of Schlemm's manual dexterity in anatomical dissection and supported his impressive career. Schlemm eventually became full professor of anatomy in 1833 and spent his remaining 25 years in Berlin with a focus on teaching students and training surgeons. As historical background information is largely lacking in this regard, it is impossible to decide whether Schlemm's episode of grave robbing was a solitary instance or a more common method of acquiring bodies for anatomical instruction in early 19th century Germany.
  Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 02/2008; 190(3):223-9.
• Article: Emil Zuckerkandl (1849-1910): anatomist and pathologist.

  Mohammadali M Shoja, R Shane Tubbs, Marios Loukas, Ghaffar Shokouhi, W Jerry Oakes
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  ABSTRACT: Emil Zuckerkandl (1849-1910), an Austrian anatomist and pathologist, is remembered with several eponyms; organ of Zuckerkandl (para-aortic chromaffin body), Zuckerkandl's fascia (posterior layer of the renal fascia), Zuckerkandl's gyrus (subcallosal area), Zuckerkandl's tuberculum (lateral projection of the thyroid gland), Zuckerkandl's operation (perineal prostatectomy), Zuckerkandl's dehiscence (fissures in the ethmoid bone), and concha of Zuckerkandl (a rare nasal concha). He was a favorite pupil of both Josef Hyrtl (1810-1894) and Carl von Langer (1819-1887) at the Vienna School of Anatomy, and succeeded the chair of anatomy there. Zuckerkandl strove to make anatomy "subservient" to the patient and thus was an early pioneer of clinical anatomy. He was prolific and wrote over 164 publications at the time of his death. His wife, Berta Zuckerkandl-Szeps, was a famous Austrian journalist and a remarkable personality of Jewish society in Vienna during the last decades of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until World War II. Emil Zuckerkandl left a tremendous legacy regarding anatomical knowledge. This early anatomist was credited with the comment that "anatomy is the war map for the operations of the physician". This concept gave rise to many surgical subspecialities and his anatomical descriptions serve as a basis of our current morphological understanding.
  Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 02/2008; 190(1):33-6.