Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy

Publications in this journal

• Article: [Incidence of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Receiving Carboplatin-Including Chemotherapy.]

  Hanako Momose, Takayuki Ide, Kazunari Tateishi, Tomonobu Koizumi
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  ABSTRACT: The present study was designed to evaluate the incidence ofchemotherapy -induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)in patients receiving carboplatin. Chemo-naÏve patients with thoracic and gynecological malignancy, who were intended to be given carboplatin-including chemotherapy without aprepitant as antiemesis, were enrolled. CINV was assessed using a visual analog scale for a week after the final chemotherapy. Thirty-one patients were evaluated, and 6.5% and 48.4% of them developed vomiting and nausea after chemotherapy, respectively. Nausea in the delayed phase tended to be increased compared with that in the acute phase. The higher incidence of CINV was significantly correlated with younger ages(odds ratio= 0.355, 95% CI: 0.132-0.951, p=0.039). Our results indicate that further intensive antiemetic prophylaxis, such as using aprepitant or palonosetron, should be considered in patients receiving carboplatin.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):355-359.
• Article: [A Case of a Septic Pulmonary Embolism-Related Implanted Central Venous Port.]

  Hideaki Okada, Koichi Taira, Shinya Tokunaga, Haruko Daga, Manabu Tsuda, Natsuko Miyamoto, Masayoshi Nishijima, Mitsuhiro Sumitani, Seiichi Syoji, Koji Takeda
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  ABSTRACT: We report a case of a 32-year-old woman with a septic pulmonary embolism-related implanted central venous port. She was treated with S-1/cisplatin(CDDP)chemotherapy for recurrent gastric cancer. Her disease was progressive after five courses of S-1/CDDP combination therapy. Because of peritonitis carcinomatosa, her oral intake was poor, so we placed an implanted central venous port in her right subclavian vein. We administered 5-FU/Leucovorin/paclitaxel combination therapy and total parenteral nutrition from the port. Chemotherapy was effective, so we stopped total parenteral nutrition after one month. Two months later, multiple nodular shadows appeared in her left lung fields without apparent symptoms. Because we suspected septic pulmonary embolism related to the venous port, we removed the venous port promptly and administered antibiotics with a broad spectrum. Pulmonary shadows disappeared immediately, and no recurrence was observed afterward.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):389-392.
• Article: [Study of Tolerability of Capecitabine in Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Colon Cancer.]

  Chu Matsuda, Hiroshi Tamagawa, Kazuhiro Nishikawa, Takashi Deguchi, Junji Kawata, Kazuhiro Iwase, Mari Takagi, Akiko Fukui, Riichiro Nezu, Yasuhiro Tanaka
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  ABSTRACT: Objective: Based on the results of the X-ACT study, capecitabine has become one of the standard postoperative adjuvant chemotherapies for colon cancer. However, few studies of tolerability have been conducted in Japan. Method: In this study, we retrospectively examined treatment continuation, and the adverse events that occurred during eight courses of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with capecitabine, in 34 patients with colon cancer who had undergone curative resection. Result: The completion rate for eight courses of treatment with capecitabine was 79. 4%(27 of 34 subjects), the median relative dose intensity was 94. 4%(13% to 106%), and the proportion of subjects with relative dose intensity B 60% was 82. 4%(28 of 34 subjects). The following Grade 3 or higher adverse events were reported: hand-foot syndrome, in 11. 8%(4 of 34 subjects); mucositis oral, in 2. 9%(1 of 34 subjects); diarrhea, in 2. 9%(1 of 34 subjects); and glans penis ulcer, in 2. 9%(1 of 34 subjects). Conclusion: In our hospital, a high rate of capecitabine treatment continuation comparable to that reported in the X-ACT study was obtained, suggesting that capecitabine adjuvant chemotherapy would be well tolerated in clinical practice as well.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):327-330.
• Article: [A Case of Lung Adenocarcinoma with Coexisting G719X and T790M EGFRMutations in Which Erlotinib Was Effective for the Treatment of Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis.]

  Ken Katono, Masashi Kasajima, Mikiko Ishihara, Nobuatsu Hayashi, Yujiro Nagashima, Satoshi Igawa, Noriyuki Masuda
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  ABSTRACT: A 68-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of an abnormal chest shadow. Adenocarcinoma was detected using percutaneous needle aspiration cytology from the left supraclavicular lymph node. The patient was diagnosed as having primary adenocarcinoma of the lung(cT1bN3M1b: BRA OSS). Exon 18G 719X and exon 20 T790M mutations of the EGFR gene were detected in the same specimen. For first-line chemotherapy, four courses of cisplatin plus docetaxel were used. The primary lesion and a brain metastasis were reduced after the first-line chemotherapy. About four months later, he developed a recurrent brain metastasis and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. He was treated with erlotinib(150mg/day)after wholebrain irradiation. The leptomeningeal carcinomatosis findings on a head CT image and the patient's consciousness disorder improved after treatment. EGFR-TKI therapy was effective in a case with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, and coexisting EGFRsensitive and EGFR-resistant mutations.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):375-377.
• Article: [A Multicenter Trial of Regional Medical Cooperation for Cancer Chemotherapy after the Great East Japan Earthquake.]

  Shoko Akiyama, Yukiko Seya, Motoko Murayama, Kimiyo Ogasawara, Shigeki Kisara, Tadashi Ishii, Michie Sugawara, Yasunori Chida, Mariko Kanbe, Yuichi Kakudo, Nariyasu Mano, Chikashi Ishioka
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  ABSTRACT: The Great East Japan Earthquake was the first disaster we experienced after the administration of oncology care had mostly shifted from hospitals to outpatient departments in Japan. Disaster medical assistance teams(DMATs)were deployed immediately after the disaster, and actively assisted during the acute phase of the catastrophe. After experiencing the earthquake, we realized the necessity of medical support teams, even for chronic disease. Here we report a multicenter trial of regional medical cooperation for cancer chemotherapy. First, soon after the earthquake, representatives from the regional hospitals discussed the proper roles for each institution. As agreed to in the discussion, cancer patients were redistributed from a disaster base hospital to a local general hospital, and oncologists supported the other regional hospitals on a regular basis. This broad regional network functioned well and patients resumed their treatment as soon as the situation allowed. Second, we performed a survey of the patients and found that the most important problem was patients' lack of understanding of their own illnesses. Third, we conducted an opinion survey of medical professionals on regional medical cooperation. Based on the trial, we found it important in disasters to establish regional cooperation and solid communication systems, and to promote patient education.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):343-348.
• Article: [Driver Gene Mutation and Targeted Therapy of Lung Cancer.]

  Tetsuya Mitsudomi
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  ABSTRACT: Although cancers may have many genetic alterations, there are only a few mutations actually associated with essential traits of cancer cells such as cell proliferation or evasion from apoptosis. Because cancer cells are "addicted" to these "drive genes" , pharmacologic inhibition of these gene function is highly effective. Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI)(such as gefitinib or erlotinib)treatment of lung cancer harboring EGFR gene mutation is one of the prototypes of such therapies. Several clinical trials clearly demonstrated that progression-free survival of patients treated with EGFR-TKI is significantly longer than that of those treated by conventional platinum doublet chemotherapy. EGFR-TKI therapy dramatically changed the paradigm of lung cancer treatment. Furthermore, in 2012, crizotinib was approved for lung cancer treatment with anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)gene translocation. Targeted therapies for lung cancers "addicted" to other driver gene mutations including ROS1, RET or HER2 are also under development. Through these personalized approaches, lung cancer is changing from an acute fatal disease to a more chronic disease, and eventually we might be able to cure it.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):285-290.
• Article: [Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Buttocks, Which Had Complete Remission Induced by Chemoradiotherapy with Carboplatin.]

  Takahiro Mikawa, Takafumi Koyama, Daisuke Gomi, Koji Nagura, Masanori Matsuda, Reiko Seki, Atsushi Tanaka, Kazutora Shoji, Yu Oyama
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  ABSTRACT: The patient was a 72-year-old male who had locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma(10×7 cm)in his buttocks that developed 18 months prior to admission. The lesion was unresectable because of the size and its invasion to the sacrum. We performed concomitant chemoradiotherapy with curative intent. External beam radiotherapy(68 Gy)was given with weekly carboplatin(AUC 2)and paclitaxel(30mg/m2). Because he developed cellulites in the irradiated skin, the concurrent chemotherapy was stopped during treatment(at 10 Gy). After improvement of the cellulites, paclitaxel was switched to S-1(80 mg/body/day)and concurrent chemoradiotherapy was completed without further toxicities. Progression of the tumor outside the irradiated field was seen 4 months after the treatment. Four courses of carboplatin (AUC 5)+infusional 5-FU(1, 000mg/m2 day 1-4)was administered as the tumor regressed. He died of sepsis 36 months post-treatment but the tumor remained stable without progression. Chemoradiotherapy may be an option for locally advanced non-melanoma skin cancer.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):401-403.
• Article: [Post-Marketing Drug Safety-Risk Management Plan(RMP).]

  Asami Ezaki, Akiko Hori
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  ABSTRACT: The Guidance for Risk Management Plan(RMP)was released by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in April 2012. The RMP consists of safety specifications, pharmacovigilance plans and risk minimization action plans. In this paper, we outline post-marketing drug safety operations in PMDA and the RMP, with examples of some anticancer drugs.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):279-284.
• Article: [A Case of Male Breast Cancer for Which mTOR Inhibitor Was Effective with Advanced Renal Cancer.]

  Kazuhisa Katayama, Junko Yamagishi, Bunzou Kashiwagi
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  ABSTRACT: A 43-year-old man complained of back hip pain and of a 2 cm palpable mass of the left breast. The results from a careful examination were left breast cancer, a left renal cancer, and metastases to lung, bone and pleura. As a result of discussion with a urologist, the left breast cancer was followed-up, and the left advanced renal cancer cT4N0M1-stage IV received chemotherapy by sunitinib. In sunitinib therapy, we recognized some adverse events of Grade 3. The left renal cancer became a progressive-disease. Therefore, we changed chemotherapy to an mTOR inhibitor, temsirolimus. The left renal cancer was long SD-PD by treatment of temsirolimus, and the left male breast cancer was improved. Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor for multi-targets including VEGFR, PDGFR, c-kit et. There are some reports about breast cancer, but there are no results yet superior to those obtained by conventional therapy. On the other hand, a mTOR inhibitor, temsirolimus, was reported to have a synergy effect with hormone therapy for breast cancer. Concerning everolimus, which is one of the mTOR inhibitors, it was reported that results from the SERM+everolimus combination group were superior to those from the SERM alone group for postmenopausal metastatic breast cancer patients in clinical trial(TAMRAD trial). Good results are also being reported now from BOLERO-2(exemestane+/-everolimus), which is undergoing clinical trials. Therefore, everolimus is promising as a therapeutic drug for ER-positive breast cancer.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):365-369.
• Article: [Cancer Treatment Response Evaluation Based on Imaging Modalities, Such as Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging and FDG-PET.]

  Masahiro Endo, Takeshi Aramaki, Michihisa Moriguchi, Akihiro Sawada, Koiku Asakura, Emima Bekku
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  ABSTRACT: RECIST, which is currently the standard evaluation criterion for clinical trials in cancer treatment, is widely extrapolated for use in clinical practice. However, the criteria depend on change in the size of tumors, and do not correspond to functional or metabolic change, or to changes in shape and texture such as tumor necrosis or cavitation due to molecular-targeted therapy. There will not be any changes that high-performance and high-resolution CT has been widely playing an important role in the future, in addition, so-called imaging biomarkers such as MRI and FDG-PET will have become used as diagnostic imaging modalities for the evaluation of cancer treatment and prognosis, because they can provide information concerning the morphological, functional and metabolic changes of tumors. Furthermore, in the current state where cancer treatment will be shifting towards individualized medicine by targeted therapies, we will need to evaluate these modalities to establish an adequate measurement method and timing, and the evaluation method. And the simplified and standardized criteria will be able to be achieved as future scientific cancer treatment evaluation.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):294-298.
• Article: [III. Development of molecular targeting therapy to musculoskeletal tumor].

  Takafumi Ueda
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):318-21.
• Article: [Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Maintained Major Molecular Response with Intermittent Dosage of Imatinib Mesylate.]

  Kazuho Miyashita, Katsumichi Fujimaki, Yoshiaki Ishigatsubo
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  ABSTRACT: A 57-year-old woman was diagnosed as in the chronic myeloid leukemia-chronic phase. Imatinib mesylate(IM)was initiated at 400 mg daily. She achieved complete cytogenetic response at 3 months, and major molecular response at 10 months. IM was reduced to 300 mg daily at 12 months because of grade 1 nausea. IM was reduced to 300 mg for 5 days per week by her demand at 22 months. Major molecular response was maintained with 300 mg of IM for 3 days per week at 77 months. The intermittent IM therapy might be useful for CML patients who cannot tolerate the standard dose of IM.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):405-407.
• Article: [A Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction with Bulky No.7-Metastatic Node Successfully Treatedby Chemoradiation Followedby Surgery.]

  Junichi Yoshizawa, Naohiko Koide, Daisuke Takeuchi, Akira Suzuki, Atsunori Shinoda, Shinichi Miyagawa
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  ABSTRACT: The patient was a 59-year-old man showing an ulcerative tumor. He had squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed by biopsy specimens, found in the esophagogastric junction by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Abdominal CT showed a No.7 nodeswelling( 40mm in diameter), and the metastatic tumor directly invaded the pancreas(cStage IVa). We scheduled surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy, because it was difficult to remove the metastatic node completely. Two courses of chemotherapy consisting of 5-FU and CDDP were performed, and 2 Gy/day-irradiation(total amount of 40 Gy)was performed over 20 days. After chemoradiation, the tumor changed to a superficially depressed lesion, and the metastatic huge node was shrunk. Thirty-five days after chemoradiation, transhiatal a lower esophagectomy with proximal gastrectomy was performed. Histopathologic findings after surgery showed no cancer remnant in the primary site and the node(pCR). Three years later, the patient is well without recurrence. Although there was no evidence of preoperative chemoradiation limited in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagogastric junction, surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy may be an effective treatment in advanced cases, such as the present one.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):383-387.
• Article: [Long-Term Outcomes and Complications of Upper Arm Central Venous Access Ports.]

  Yoshihito Ide, Koji Mikami, Kohei Murata
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  ABSTRACT: Background: Central venous access port(CV port)is used for long-term treatment of patients with advanced colorectal cancer. To confirm a standard procedure of CV port implant, we analyzed long-term outcomes and complications of upper arm CV ports. Methods: Ninety patients implanted with CV ports in the upper arm between November 2006 and November 2009 were studied retrospectively. Results: There were no complications from the implanting procedure. Twenty patients (22. 2%)had complications, including infection(n=10), occlusion(n=7), thrombosis(n=4)and persistent pain(n=1) (there is some overlapping). Eighteen patients(20%)received surgery for removal of the ports. The median follow-up period was 160 days(range, 30-1,167days). Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that patients with a catheter tip above the tracheal bifurcation had a significantly higher risk for complications than patients with a tip below bifurcation. Conclusion: Upper arm CV ports were implanted safely. For long-term use, it is important to place the catheter tip below the tracheal bifurcation.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):331-335.
• Article: [Effectiveness of Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy Using S-1 plus CDDP for Type 4 Gastric Cancer.]

  Yoshihide Asaumi, Tamon Miyanaga, Osamu Hosokawa, Yoji Nishida, Tadashi Matsunaga, Satsuki Shimizu, Nobuhiro Tanaka, Tomoko Ito, Yoshiki Sato, Yasumitsu Hirano, Kazuya Maeda, Koji Ota, Kenji Doden, Masakazu Hattori, Yasuo Hashizume
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  ABSTRACT: Background: Our aim was to evaluate postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy using S-1 plus cisplatin(S-1/CDDP)for type 4 gastric cancer. Methods: We investigated 18 patients who had undergone curative operations for type 4 gastric cancer. They were classified into two groups of patients, one using S-1/CDDP(group A: 9)and one using S-1 alone(group B: 9), after surgery between 2000 and 2010. Median survival time(MST)and survival rates were reported retrospectively. Patients as- signed to group A were treated with the following regimen: S-1, 80-120mg/day(body surface area 1. 25m2>: 80mg/day, 1. 25-1. 5m2: 100mg/day, 1. 5m2<: 120mg), was administered for 21 consecutive days followed by a 14-day rest period, and CDDP, 60mg/m2, was administered on day 8 for 5 courses. After this course, S-1 80mg/m2 was given for 18 months. S- 1(80-120mg/day, body surface area 1. 25m2>: 80mg/day, 1. 25-1. 5m2: 100mg/day, 1. 5m2<: 120mg)was administered for 28 days followed by 14-day rest as one course. Results: MST differed significantly between group A and group B (MST; group A: 1, 603 vs group B: 955 days). The overall survival rate at 5 years was 64. 8% in group A and 13% in group B, and the overall survival rate in group A was statistically better than that in group B(p=0. 02). Conclusion: Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy using S-1/CDDP for resected type 4 gastric cancer contributes to prolonged life, compared with using S-1 in overall survival.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):323-325.
• Article: [In Vivo Cancer Detection with a Newly Designed Fluorescent Probe.]

  Yasuteru Urano
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  ABSTRACT: Fluorescence imaging is one of the most powerful techniques currently available for continuous observation of dynamic intracellular processes in living cells. Suitable fluorescence probes are naturally of critical importance for fluorescence imaging, and we have succeeded to construct several versatile rational design strategies for novel fluorescence probes based on the concept of photoinduced electron transfer and intramolecular spirocyclization. Very recently, we have succeeded to develop various novel protease probes which were applicable for living cell system. For example, gGlu-HMRG, a novel spirocyclized rhodamine-based fluorescence probe for γ-glutamyltranspeptidase(GGT), which is well-known to be upregulated in various cancer cells, was successfully developed. By applying gGlu-HMRG to various cancerous cell lines whose GGT activity is upregulated, fast enzymatic reaction of gGlu-HMRG with GGT occurs on the plasma membrane to yield highly fluorescent product HMRG, which led us to establish a novel and highly activatable strategy for sensitive and fast-responding fluorescence imaging of tiny tumors in vivo. In mouse models of disseminated human peritoneal ovarian cancer, activation of gGlu-HMRG occurred within 1 min of topically spraying onto tissue surfaces that are suspected of harboring tumors, creating high signal contrast between the tumor and the background. We believe gGlu-HMRG probe could aid surgeons in detecting tiny cancerous nodules for accurate biopsy and tumor resection, delineating the borders of tumors for complete removal and confirming no residual tumor.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):299-303.
• Article: [A Case of Late Recurrent Breast Cancer That Responded to Radiation Therapy and Cisplatin plus Pemetrexed Therapy.]

  Etsushi Akimoto, Masahiro Ohara, Midori Noma, Masakazu Kamitsuna, Takashi Nishizaka, Toshiyuki Itamoto
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  ABSTRACT: The patient was a 62-year-old woman who had undergone modified radical mastectomy for right breast cancer 19 years before. She was examined at our hospital for cough and hoarseness. After PET-CT and bronchoscopy, she was diagnosed with stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer. Radiation therapy and cisplatin plus pemetrexed therapy were effective, and she made a recovery from a life-threatening conditon. During observation, a skin nodule was noticed on her right chest wall, and excisional biopsy revealed a skin metastasis from breast cancer. A transbronchial lung biopsy(TBLB)specimen was reexamined, and the lung lesion was shown to be metastasis from breast cancer. By changing to endocrine therapy, the disease has been effectively controlled.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):371-374.
• Article: [Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Using a New Ultrasound Contrast Agent.]

  Katsuro Tachibana
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  ABSTRACT: Ultrasound is often used for non-invasive diagnostic use in a clinical setting. Therapeutic ultrasound, on the other hand, has mainly been applied for its thermal or mechanical effects. Medical applications of high-energy ultrasound to ablate cancers are now under investigation(high intensity focused ultrasound: HIFU). Recently, there have been reports on the application of non-thermal ultrasound energy for treating various diseases in combination with drugs. Furthermore, the introduction of microbubbles, molecular targeted echo contrast agents, and carriers/enhancers of drugs has added a whole new dimension to diagnosis and therapy. Ultrasound irradiation of tissues and cells is effective for enhancing drug targeting, lowering systemic drug toxicity, and improving drug absorption rates. Efficient delivery of a drug into target cells or tissues for therapeutic purposes had always been a big challenge requiring multidisciplinary effort by experts in different scientific fields. Current advances in molecular imaging and therapy will also be discussed.
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):291-293.
• Article: [II. Research of signal transduction on sarcoma].

  Hidetaka Yamamoto, Yoshinao Oda
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):314-7.
• Article: [I. Current status and challenge to clinical usage of microRNA for sarcoma treatment].

  Tomohiro Fujiwara, Akira Kawai, N Kosaka, Toshifumi Ozaki, Takahiro Ochiai
  Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 03/2013; 40(3):305-13.