Problemy e̊ndokrinologii

Publications in this journal

• Article: [Hormonal function of the adrenal cortex in "medical castration" induced by prolonged infusion of luliberin agonists].

  N D Goncharova, L A Mkhitarova
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  ABSTRACT: Time course of the major corticosteroid hormones and the precursors in the biosynthesis chain was studied, as was the type of corticosteroid complex formation with transcortin in the peripheral blood plasma in male papua hamadryas exposed to a 4-16 week infusions of LH releasing factor agonists (buserelin, Hoechst A. G., Germany, and surfagon, Cardiology Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences) with the use of osmotic mini-pumps (Alza Corp., Palo Alto, USA). Suppression of the gonadal function resultant from prolonged infusion of LH releasing factor agonists was not associated with essential shifts in the adrenal steroidogenesis and in the specific corticosteroid transport. Such exposure induced a somewhat more marked activation of glucocorticoid and adrenal androgen secretion in response to acute stressor exposure (a single injection of insulin in a dose of 0.2 U/kg b. m.). One should bear in mind this fact when prescribing therapy with LH releasing factor agonists to patients with prostatic carcinoma, for the adrenal androgens are transformed into active androgens in the prostatic tissue.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 05/1993; 39(1):51-4.
• Article: [Direct radioimmunoassay of the dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate level in blood plasma and its use for evaluation of the androgenic function of the adrenal cortex].

  N D Goncharova
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  ABSTRACT: The author suggests a direct radioimmunoassay of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DEA-S) in 0.05-2 microliters of human blood plasma, making use of an antiserum prepared by rabbit immunization with DEA-S hemisuccinate conjugate with bovine serum albumin and [7-3H]-DEA. The method is highly sensitive (0.039 mumol/l), specific, reliable, and easily reproducible. This method was used to measure plasma DEA-S concentrations in healthy subjects of various ages, in women in different phases of the cycle, after dexamethasone load, and in patients with the Stein-Loewenthal's syndrome and the adrenogenital syndrome. It is recommended for the diagnosis of retinopathies connected with adrenal and gonadal androgenic dysfunction.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 05/1993; 39(3):26-9.
• Article: [Effects of chronic surfagon administration on secretion of luteinizing hormone and morphofunctional state of the testes in Papio hamadryas].

  N D Goncharova, E G Belova, V M Gorlushkin
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  ABSTRACT: The paper is concerned with the results of a study of the effects of chronic (12 weeks) subcutaneous infusion of surfagon (D-Ala6, des-Gly10-ethylamide of LH-RH, a daily dose of 3 micrograms/kg of body mass) using osmotic mini-pumps on hormonal function of the hypophyseogonadal system, spermatogenesis and testicular histology in experiments on Papio Hamadryas. Prolonged infusion of surfagon through short-term transient activation of the hypophyseogonadal system was shown to cause inhibition of the basal secretion of LH-RH and testosterone, induction of hypophyseal desensitization to native LH-RH, development of oligo- and azospermia. Inhibited function of the testes was accompanied by noticeable changes in their histological structure (suppression of germinative cell division, narrowing of the seminiferous tubules, moderately transient fibrosis of connective stroma). Neither focal block of spermatogenesis nor foci of calcification or necrosis (observed in rats subjected to prolonged infusion of LH-RH agonists) were observed in Papio Hamadryas. All changes in the reproductive system (including gonadal histology), induced by chronic infusion of surfagon, were of reversible nature.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 05/1992; 38(1):55-8.
• Article: [The development of a variant immunoenzyme method for determining testosterone and its use for assessing gonadal androgenic activity].

  N P Goncharov, N D Goncharova, S G Anua
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  ABSTRACT: The authors have summed up the results of development of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the determination of testosterone (T) in human and animal blood plasma. The method is based upon the use of rabbit antiserum to testosterone-3-(O-carboxymethyl) oxim with bovine serum albumin as a binding system, a conjugate of T with horse-radish peroxidase as a marker, and the formation of the antigen-antibody complex was registered with a spectrophotometer of Cf-4a, Cf-16 and Cf-26 types. The method is highly sensitive (6.25 pg/test), specific and is characterized by high indices of precision. Close correlation between EIA and RIA results for the determination of a T level in human and simian plasma under physiological conditions as well as in some pathological conditions, associated with disturbed production of androgens, indicates the correctness of this method.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 05/1990; 36(6):44-8.
• Article: [The function of the hypophyseo-gonadal system in hamadryas baboons during the tonic infusion of a luliberin agonist--buserelin].

  N D Goncharova, N P Goncharov
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  ABSTRACT: The authors presented the results of a study of hormonal function of the hypophyseal-gonadal system in Papio hamadryas males subjected to continuous infusion of buzereline (LH-RH agonist) at a daily dose of 3 micrograms/kg of body mass for 4-6 weeks with the help of subcutaneously implanted osmotic mini-pumps. A two-phasic response of the system to the drug was established. Activation of the secretion of hypophyseal gonadotrophins and testicular androgens in the first days of buzereline infusion was followed by sharp inhibition of endocrine function of the hypophyseal-gonadal system. Functional tests with the administration of LH-RH (100 micrograms) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (1500 U) to experimental animals demonstrated the leading role of the development of adenohypophyseal desensitization in the mechanism of antifertile drug action.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 05/1989; 35(5):68-72.
• Article: [Polymorphism of the response of the hypophyseo-gonadal system to the long-term administration of an agonist of luliberin].

  N D Goncharova, N P Goncharov
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  ABSTRACT: The paper is concerned with the results of experiments on male Papio hamadryas aimed at the investigation of their hypophyseal and gonadal endocrine function by intravenous drip with the help of subcutaneously implanted osmotic mini-pumps of buzerelin, a superactive LH-RH analog. A 2-phase response of the hypophyseal-gonadal system was revealed. The stimulation of the secretion of LH and testicular androgens in the first 5-7 days of buzerelin administration was followed by sharp suppression of gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland and testosterone production. Individual differences in the sensitivity of animals to the drug were noted in parallel with the general regularities of hormonal functional changes of the hypophyseal-gonadal system in response t prolonged administration of the LH-RH agonist. Individual polymorphism of the body response to the LH-RH agonist was determined by the initial individual differences in the type of functioning of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal system.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 05/1989; 35(2):62-7.
• Article: [Adrenal cortical function in chronic diseases].

  N D Goncharova, N P Goncharov
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  ABSTRACT: The results of a study of the nature of adrenocortical function in 40 patients with tumorous and nontumorous diseases and in 22 monkeys (P. hamadryas) suffering from hemoblastosis with raised glucocorticoid activity of the adrenal glands were presented. A tendency to a decrease in the levels of pregnenolone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (precursors in steroid hormones biosynthesis) and a significant decrease in the level of dehydroepiandrosterone were revealed against a background of high blood levels of cortisol. A conclusion was made that these changes were determined by the utilization of precursors in cortisol biosynthesis and a decrease in dehydroepiandrosterone synthesis. The authors emphasized the similarity of the revealed changes with hormonal imbalance in laboratory primates subjected to chronic stress. A conclusion was made of the nonspecific and adaptive nature of the above changes aimed at the maintenance of a high level of cortisol secretion (during chronic stress) playing an important role in the integration of body nonspecific adaptive processes.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 05/1988; 34(6):27-31.
• Article: [Activity of nonspecific immunological factors and serum immunoglobulin levels in children with diabetes mellitus].

  Z M Zemliakova, E B Kravets
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  ABSTRACT: The activity of non-specific protection factors (complement titer, lysozyme level, completed phagocytosis index and serum immunoglobulin (IG) concentration) was studied in 100 children, aged 3 to 14 years: 70 with diabetes mellitus and 30 normal subjects. The results obtained indicate a decreased reactivity of the child organism in diabetes mellitus, the reduction degree being directly proportional to the main process severity and decompensation extent. Serum IG level in children, suffering from diabetes mellitus, is disturbed, i.e. high IgA concentration is often seen in the presence of normal IgM level and normal or decreased IgG content. Disimmunoglobulinemia is intensified within decompensation phase, depending on the pathological process duration and severity. The reduced IgG level in patients with severe diabetes apart from lower indices of non-specific immunity, stipulates pred disposition of children with diabetes mellitus to the secondary infection development. The indices studied may be used not only for characterizing the body immunobiological reactivity and protective mechanisms, but also for determining the disease severity and form.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):6-9.
• Article: [Comparative study of the estrogenic activity of modified estrogens based on data of competitive binding analysis and biological assay].

  E V Pokrovskaia, T I Ivanenko
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  ABSTRACT: A series of bromo- and silyl-derivatives was studied in experiments on immature female rats in vivo and in vitro. All the estrogens studied were conventionally divided into 4 groups according to their ability for concurrent binding with the rat uterus cytosol receptors and their specific bioeffect: equally concurrent and bioeffective compounds (estrone, ethynyl estradiol); slightly concurrent substances with a pronounced uterotropic action (4-silyl estrogens, mestranol); little effective compounds with 4 to 8% of estradiol concurrent activity (2- and 4-bromo-and silyl estradiols, estriol); compounds, not having concurrent and biological effects (2-silyl estrones, 4-bromoestradiol diacetate).
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):66-70.
• Article: [Calcium metabolism in the beta-cell and insulin secretion].

  Z I Levitskaia, M I Balabolkin
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):83-7.
• Article: [Gonadal endocrine function indicators during initial stages of postnatal ontogenesis of the female sable].

  N K Shul'gina, Iu V Polyntsev, V B Rozen, G M Diveeva
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  ABSTRACT: By means of radioimmunoassay, 17 beta-estradiol-, androgen- (testosterone and dihydrotestosterone) and progesterone contents were determined in the peripheral blood of the female sables, aged 2 to 27 months, during postnatal ontogenesis initial stage. Under the action of seasonal factors steroid level was sharply decreased in the animals of the all ages within the autumnal period, whereas the gonadal function activation lowered over a period of February and March, when "the spring animation" of wild stables is seen. An increase in the sex hormone level was more pronounced in females over one year old. The compared concentrations of hormones, studied in the 5-months' females (the growth stopping). 14 to 17-months' animals (the 1st year reproductive period) and 27-months' stables (the 2nd year reproductive period) were close to those of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone contents in fertile animals. It is suggested that the sexual system of the 5-months' females is ready for the reproductive processes but their secretory activity is sharply reduced, probably under the seasonal factor influence.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):71-4.
• Article: [Role of the supraoptic nucleus in the estrus regulation in rats in local hypothermia].

  A M Avetisian, M G Khostikian, A S Aznaurian, N G Avetisian
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  ABSTRACT: An extraordinary role of hypothalamic supraoptical nuclei in the ovulation process and luteinizing hormone formation was found out. Morphological studies of the rat ovaries with the affected supraoptical nuclei have shown a sharp inhibition of their function, manifesting in the decreased follicular number of sizes, atresia of primordial follicles, the inhibition of the ovarian ovulatory capacity and luteinizing hormone formation. The ovarian function remained inhibited, despite increased neurosecretory activity of the paraventricular nucleus cells in rats with the affected hypothalamic supraoptic nuclei during hypothermia.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):45-6.
• Article: [Changes in integral indicators of natural immunity in experimental hypo- and hyperthyroidism].

  T S Moskvina, L A Ivanova, A I Fefelov, V N Kaplin, F A Shilova
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  ABSTRACT: Two natural immunity integral indices-the skin bactericidal action and the blood antibacterial activity-were studied in experimental rat hypo- and hyperthyrosis by means of original radioimmunoassay. A decrease in the skin bactericidal action was seen hypothyrosis, but as whole, this test proved to be insufficiently sensitive. An alteration of the blood antibacterial activity in hypo- and hyperthyrosis is characterized by an initial increase in this activity, followed by its lowering. The prolonged phase of the blood antibacterial activity growth was found in hyperthyrosis, whereas in hypothyrosis the decreased phase of the above activity was seen. The pronounced changes in the natural immunity level precede clinical manifestations of the thyroid affection. Radioimmunoassay is recommended for studying the blood antibacterial activity as a sensitive and informative test, allowing one to judge of the antibacterial immunity state.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):79-83.
• Article: [Thyrotoxicosis with stable hyperthermic reaction].

  N G Tsarikovskaia, F S Tkach, L S David'iants
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):43-4.
• Article: [Effect of thyroidin on various indicators of lipid metabolism in diabetes mellitus].

  E M Aĭrapetian
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):18-20.
• Article: [Changes in the phospholipid content of blood in diabetes mellitus before and after complex treatment at the Dzhermuk health resort].

  M G Badalian, K G Karagezian, P A Vartapetian
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  ABSTRACT: The studies were carried out at Dzhermuk clinical sanatorium in 53 patients with moderate and severe diabetes mellitus. Qualitative and quantitative phospholipid content of the whole blood and total cholesterol and beta-lipoproteins of the blood serum were determined. The patients show the constant qualitative content of the blood phospholipids and marked quantitative variations in several phospholipid fractions along with a relatively stable condition of other lipid metabolism indices. The degree of phospholipid fraction quantitative disorders is dependent on the patient's age and diabetes mellitus severity, lipid-lipoid ratio tending to decrease in the neutral phospholipid per cent content of the total phospholipid sum. The treatment at the health resort is accompanied by normalization or a tendency to normalize the blood phospholipid quantitative content and lipid-lipoid ratio. The treatment efficiency is directly dependent on the patient's age, duration and severity of the disease.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):12-7.
• Article: [Diurnal and seasonal rhythms of cerebral cortex activity during exercise].

  Iu P Shorin, E M Kazin, G V Efremova
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  ABSTRACT: The influence of the seasonal morning and evening exercises upon circadian rhythms of adrenocortical activity and some morphological and physiological data were studied. The exercise are seemed to synchronize circadian rhythms and adrenocortical activity. Moreover, it was shown that the exercise effect on circadian rhythms and adrenocortical activity depends both on the animals' day and night functional state and on the seasonal condition.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):49-52.
• Article: [Androgenic function of the testes and gonadotropic activity of the pituitary gland in various forms of cryptorchism in children and adolescents].

  L M Skorodok, O N Savchenko, M E Kogan, L N Krasnitskaia
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  ABSTRACT: Biochemical and radioimmunoassay of testosterone content in the blood and urine, epitestosterone and 17-CS level in the urine of 80 boys has shown, that the ovarian androgenic function is reduced in all the forms of cryptorchidism. The potential testis reserves are progressively lowered with the age in patients with bilateral and false retention and remain unchanged in unilateral cryptorchidism. In the absolute majority of patients the change in gonadotropic hormone production is noted, manifesting in the decreased and/or increased LH and FSH content in the blood of different patients, that is seemed to reflect heterogeneity of cryptorchidism pathogenetic forms. The ovarian testosterone production rise after chorionic gonadotropin injection did not inhibit the hypophyseal FSH activity.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):33-9.
• Article: [Diurnal and seasonal rhythms of androgen content of the plasma in Macaca mulatta].

  N P Goncharov, D S Tavadian, V I Vorontsov
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  ABSTRACT: Circadian and seasonal rhythms of testosterone-, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone and androstendione content were studied in the blood plasma of adult male macaca rhesus by radioimmunoassay. The circadian changes in androgen concentration depended on the seasonal and experimental conditions. Circadian variations of androgen concentration had a definite, significant character in the animals, which were previously adapted to experimental conditions. Minimum testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone content was noted at 18 o'clock and maximum at 21 to 24 o'clock. Circadian rhythm of androstendione content was characterized by a decrease in the evening, by a rise within the night and by the maximum value at 6 to 9 o'clock. Significant seasonal changes were observed in mean daily testosterone- and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone-, but hot in androstendione content. High levels of both steroids were recorded in autumn and winter, being lower in spring and the lowest in summer.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):53-7.
• Article: [Changes in the catecholamine content in adrenaline-synthetizing structures of the medulla oblongata in rats with different reactions to long-term immobilization].

  R Kvetnanskiĭ, T I Belova, Z Oprshalova, Iu Chulman
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  ABSTRACT: Substantial individual variations of some indices studied were found as a result of comparing catecholamine changes after 6.5-hours' immobilization at A1 and A2 regions of Wistar rat oblongata and in the solitary tract nucleus with abnormal arterial blood pressure and stomach mucosa. The most pronounced catecholamine alterations, manifesting in epinephrine level fall after immobilization, were seen at A1 region. The degree of epinephrine level lowering at A1 region does not correlate with peculiarities of the changed blood pressure or stomach mucosa. It is suggested that A1 region participates in organization of the total component of stress reaction.
  Problemy e̊ndokrinologii 02/1981; 27(6):58-63.