Description
Veterinary Pathology, is an international journal of natural and experimental animal disease, published by The American College of Veterinary Pathologists.
Impact factor
1.37
Website
Other titles
Veterinary pathology (Online), Veterinary pathology
ISSN
0300-9858
OCLC
51952823
Material type
Document, Periodical, Internet resource
Document type
Internet Resource, Computer File, Journal / Magazine / Newspaper
Publisher details
American College of Veterinary Pathologists
Pre-print:
Post-print
Conditions
- Publisher last contacted on 11th June 2009
Classification
Publications in this journal
Authors: brachthäuser l
Veterinary Pathology.
Authors: brachthäuser l
Veterinary Pathology.
Authors: Schmiedeknecht g
Veterinary Pathology.
Authors: Mónica Clemente, Maria Pérez, Juan Illera, Laura Pena
Veterinary pathology.
Canine inflammatory mammary cancer (IMC) and human inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive and lethal type of mammary cancer in female dogs and women. The generation of microvascularCanine inflammatory mammary cancer (IMC) and human inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive and lethal type of mammary cancer in female dogs and women. The generation of microvascular channels by malignant tumor cells (endothelial-like cells, ELCs) without endothelial cell participation (Vasculogenic Mimicry, VM) has been reported in human breast cancer, including IBC, and is considered a new type of tumor angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of ELCs in highly malignant canine mammary tumors (IMC and non-IMC) by histology, inmunohistochemistry (pancytokeratin, cytokeratin 14, vimentin, actin, desmin, vWF, CD31 and CD34) and electron microscopy. In this retrospective study, 21 female dogs with diagnoses of IMC, and 20 animals with metastatic grade III non-inflammatory malignant mammary tumors (MMT) were included. IMC tumors (33.33%) and MMT (5%) showed ELCs forming structures similar to small capillaries. The histological, immunohistochemical (positive to AE1/AE3, and cytokeratin 14, and mostly negative to endothelial markers) and ultrastructural characteristics of these cells indicated vasculogenic mimicry (VM). The higher frequency of this phenomenon in inflammatory versus non-inflammatory canine mammary cancer is in agreement with previous studies in experimental and spontaneous human IBC, and could be in relation with the extremely high lymphangiogenic capacity and metastatic lymphangiotropism characteristics of inflammatory breast cancer.
Authors: Laura Perkins
Veterinary pathology.
Coronary arterial disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, the European Union, and Canada. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has revolutionized the treatment of CAD,Coronary arterial disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, the European Union, and Canada. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has revolutionized the treatment of CAD, and it is the advent of drug eluting stent (DES) systems which has effectively allayed much of the challenge of restenosis that has plagued the success of PCI through its 30 year history. However, DES have not been a panacea, as there yet remain both the challenges associated with interventions involving bare metallic stents (BMS) as well as newly arisen concerns related specifically to the application of DES systems. In order to effectively address these novel and ongoing issues, we rely on animal models to project the safety and efficacy of endovascular devices and to provide insight into the pathophysiology underlying the vascular response to injury and mechanisms of restenosis. In this review, preclinical models of restenosis are presented, and their application and limitation in the evaluation of device-based, interventional technologies for the treatment of CAD are discussed.
Authors: Joaquín Ortega, Francisco Uzal, Richard Walker, Hailu Kinde, Santiago Diab, Farshid Shahriar, Andrea Eigenheer, Rupinderjit Pamma, Deryck Read
Veterinary pathology.
During the 12 months of 2006, zygomycotic lymphadenitis was diagnosed in 194 of 198 feedlot steers (0.04% of cattle slaughtered during that period) in a California slaughterhouse as part of bovineDuring the 12 months of 2006, zygomycotic lymphadenitis was diagnosed in 194 of 198 feedlot steers (0.04% of cattle slaughtered during that period) in a California slaughterhouse as part of bovine tuberculosis surveillance. Mesenteric lymph nodes were involved in 190 cases. Affected lymph nodes were enlarged (2 to 42 cm in greatest dimension), firm, and mottled gray-white to yellow with multiple granular or caseocalcareous foci. Histologically, nodal architecture was effaced by necrosis, granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis. In approximately 20% of the cases, granulomas were mainly restricted to subcapsular sinuses and afferent lymphatic vessels, causing granulomatous lymphangitis. Non-septate, irregularly branching hyphae with non-parallel walls and bulbous enlargements were common in necrotic areas and within the cytoplasm of multinucleated giant cells. Fungal cultures were performed on 124 affected lymph nodes using 7 different media, but no zygomycetes were cultured. Fungal DNA was amplified from 20 lymph nodes. Amplicons from 16 nodes had nearly 100% homology with sequences for Rhizomucor pusillus; 4 amplicons had (>98%) homology with Absidia corymbifera sequences. Zygomycosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis for granulomatous lymphadenitis in feedlot steers.
Authors: Peter Vogel, Robert Read, Gwenn Hansen, Luis Freay, Brian Zambrowicz, Arthur Sands
Veterinary pathology.
Situs inversus (SI) is characterized by left to right (LR) transposition of thoracic and visceral organs and associated vasculature. The usual asymmetrical positioning of organs is established earlySitus inversus (SI) is characterized by left to right (LR) transposition of thoracic and visceral organs and associated vasculature. The usual asymmetrical positioning of organs is established early in development in a transient structure called the embryonic node. The two-cilia hypothesis proposes that two kinds of cilia in the embryonic node determine LR asymmetry: motile cilia generating leftward fluid flow, and immotile mechanosensory cilia responding to flow. Here we describe three mouse SI models that support the two-cilia hypothesis. In addition to SI, Dpcd-/- mice (for deleted in a mouse model of primary ciliary dyskinesia) and Nme7-/- mice (for non-metastatic cells 7) had lesions consistent with ciliary dyskinesis: hydrocephalus, sinusitis and male infertility developed in Dpcd-/- mice, while hydrocephalus and excessive nasal exudates were seen in Nme7-/- mice. In contrast, the lack of respiratory tract lesions, hydrocephalus, and male infertility in Pkd1l1-/- (for polycystic kidney disease 1 like 1) mice suggested that ciliary dyskinesis was not responsible for SI in this line. Moreover, there is considerable sequence similarity of Pkd1l1 with Pkd1 (for Polycystic kidney disease 1), which encodes a protein (polycystin-1) that is essential for the mechanosensory function of immotile primary cilia in the kidney. The markedly reduced viability of Pkd1l1-/- mice is somewhat surprising given the absence of any detected abnormalities (other than SI) in surviving Pkd1l1-/- mice subjected to comprehensive phenotype screening exams. However, the heart and great vessels of Pkd1l1-/- mice were not examined and it is possible the decreased viability of Pkd1l1-/- mice could be due to undiagnosed cardiovascular defects associated with heterotaxy.
Authors: Benoit Rannou, Pierre Hélie, Christian Bédard
Veterinary pathology.
An 11-year-old female American Cocker Spaniel was presented with a rectal mass that protruded through the anus. Cytologically, the mass was composed of neoplastic round cells consistent with anAn 11-year-old female American Cocker Spaniel was presented with a rectal mass that protruded through the anus. Cytologically, the mass was composed of neoplastic round cells consistent with an extramedullary plasmacytoma. Histiocytic sarcoma, carcinoid tumor, and melanoma were also considered because of the presence of golden brown cytoplasmic granules. Histopathologic findings and immunohistochemical reactivity for lambda light chains confirmed the cytological diagnosis of plasmacytoma. Prussian blue staining identified the cytoplasmic granules as hemosiderin. The granules were negative by Fontana Masson and Grimelius histochemistry. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an extramedullary plasmacytoma containing hemosiderin in a dog.
Authors: Leonardo Susta, Fernando Torres-Velez, Jian Zhang, Corrie Brown
Veterinary pathology.
Cytauxzoonosis, caused by the protozoan parasite, Cytauxzoon felis, is a tickborne disease of domestic cats causing high mortality. The reservoir is wild felids. In this study, seven archived casesCytauxzoonosis, caused by the protozoan parasite, Cytauxzoon felis, is a tickborne disease of domestic cats causing high mortality. The reservoir is wild felids. In this study, seven archived cases of the disease were examined through in situ hybridization for localization of the parasite and by immunohistochemistry for various cell markers to characterize infected cells. The riboprobe used was specific for the 16S-like rRNA subunit of Babesia microti, which shares 91% identity with the same gene for C. felis. In situ hybridization highlighted the presence of the organism in several tissues, most prominently lung and spleen, and in general, there were 2-10X more infected cells seen with ISH than with HE. Parasite-laden cells were usually found within vessels. These cells were often tightly packed and frequently formed parasitic thrombi. Immunohistochemistry with an anti-lysozyme antibody confirmed the macrophage origin of the infected cells. Using an antibody specific for calprotectin (Mac387), parasitized cells were markedly devoid of this protein, which may explain the lack of diapedesis and vascular crowding of parasitized cells, providing more circulating parasites for the tick vector. Immunohistochemical labeling for two proliferation markers, PCNA and p53, indicated that parasitized cells have a heightened replicative ability, which is probably an additional parasite-driven modification to facilitate survival and transmission.
Authors: Andrew Miller, Kate Masek-Hammerman, Karen Dalecki, Keith Mansfield, Susan Westmoreland
Veterinary pathology.
Pheochromocytomas are uncommon neoplasms of the adrenal medulla that are most frequently reported in rats and select mouse strains. In the many cases, especially those in man, pheochromocytoma isPheochromocytomas are uncommon neoplasms of the adrenal medulla that are most frequently reported in rats and select mouse strains. In the many cases, especially those in man, pheochromocytoma is associated with familial tumor syndromes due to inherited mutations in a variety of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Non-human primates are valuable animal models for a variety of human diseases due to their similar anatomy and physiology; however, cases of pheochromocytomas have only rarely been reported in non-human primates. Herein we characterize the gross, histologic, and immunohistochemical features of pheochromocytoma in 6 cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus). Pheochromocytomas represented 6/114 (5.3%) of the total causes of death in the studied population and corresponded to 16% of the total number of neoplasms. The average age of affected animals was 17.9 years. Histologically, all cases were defined by tight bundles, nests, and cords of neoplastic chromaffin cells. All cases had concurrent myocardial degeneration and fibrosis of varying severity and chronicity. Three (50%) of the cases also had hyalinization and medial thickening of coronary arteries consistent with hypertension. Immunohistochemically, 6/6 (100%) of the cases stained positively for chromogranin A, synaptophysin, N-CAM (or CD56), and protein gene product 9.5. None of the cases stained for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Pedigree analysis revealed inter-relatedness in 4/6 animals with progenitor animals also affected with pheochromocytomas. The tumors in this population illustrate comparable histologic and immunohistochemical staining patterns to cases in other laboratory animals and humans, and, therefore, may indicate common underlying genetic alterations that precipitate tumor development.
Authors: Dachrit Nilubol, Tanin Pattanaseth, Kitikorn Boonsri, Nopadon Pirarat, Natchanun Leepipatpiboon
Veterinary pathology.
A newly-observed syndrome characterized by progressive weight loss, pallor and high mortality was reported in many swine herds across Thailand from February through May 2007. To determine the causeA newly-observed syndrome characterized by progressive weight loss, pallor and high mortality was reported in many swine herds across Thailand from February through May 2007. To determine the cause of the new syndrome, 5 pigs, 4-8 weeks of age, were submitted to the diagnostic laboratory for necropsy examination. All 5 pigs were underweight with pallor and rough coats. The kidneys of all 5 pigs were yellowish and slightly swollen with precipitation of crystalline material on the cut surface. Histologically, epithelial degeneration and necrosis were evident in proximal and distal tubules and collecting ducts. Round, yellow-brown crystals with radiating striations were diffusely distributed through the lumen of proximal and distal tubules and collecting ducts. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were elevated. Melamine and analogs, including cyanuric acid, were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The evidence reported here suggests that melamine and cyanuric acid-adulterated feed caused renal failure in these pigs.
Authors: Catherine Caulfield, John Kelly, Boyd Jones, Sheila Worrall, Louis Conlon, Tony Palmer, Joseph Cassidy
Veterinary pathology.
Leukoencephalomyelopathy of undetermined etiology has been described in specific pathogen-free cats. A study was established to assess if the long term feeding of a gamma-irradiated diet could induceLeukoencephalomyelopathy of undetermined etiology has been described in specific pathogen-free cats. A study was established to assess if the long term feeding of a gamma-irradiated diet could induce this disease. Cats fed exclusively on diet irradiated at 25.7 - 38.1 kGy ('typical' dose) and 38.1 - 53.6 kGy ('high-end' dose) respectively developed typical lesions with attendant, progressively severe ataxia between study days 140 and 174. The onset of ataxia at day 140 and the number of animals affected at this time were similar in animals fed each ration. A maximum ataxia 'score' was first reached by an animal on the 'high-end' dose diet on day 167 and by two cats fed the 'typical-end' dose diet 21 days later. Ataxic cats and one animal euthanized on day 93 prior to the onset of ataxia, exhibited varying degrees of Wallerian degeneration in the spinal cord and brain, similar to spontaneous disease. The elevated total antioxidant status of spinal cord segments and hepatic superoxide dismutase concentration of cats fed 'typical' and 'high-end' treated diets suggested free-radical involvement in the pathogenesis. The significantly elevated peroxide concentrations of the irradiated diets (1,040% and 6,440% of untreated values) may have resulted in increased oxidative insult, a factor possibly exacerbated by the treated diets' reduced vitamin A content. This study has reproduced leukoencephalomyelopathy in cats similar to spontaneous outbreaks by feeding a gamma-irradiated dry diet with elevated peroxide and reduced vitamin A concentrations.
Authors: Howard Gelberg
Veterinary pathology.
None.
Authors: Frances Schulman, Todd Johnson, Paul Facemire, Julie Fanburg-Smith
Veterinary pathology.
Feline peripheral nerve sheath tumors are uncommonly reported and their clinical behavior has not been well documented. Fifty nine peripheral nerve sheath tumors were collected from 53 cats. All ofFeline peripheral nerve sheath tumors are uncommonly reported and their clinical behavior has not been well documented. Fifty nine peripheral nerve sheath tumors were collected from 53 cats. All of the tumors involved skin, subcutis, skeletal muscle, and/or mucous membranes. Histologically, the tumors were composed of compact to loosely arranged streams and fascicles of spindled cells with eosinophilic, often wavy cytoplasmic processes, small to occasionally moderate amounts of collagenous to myxoid matrix and nuclear palisading. Immunohistochemically, all tumors were positive for vimentin and S-100 protein, 44 of 59 were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein and all were negative for muscle specific actin. The tumors fell into 3 histologic categories: 34 benign tumors with Antoni A areas that were S-100 protein and GFAP positive, 9 benign tumors that lacked Antoni A areas and were S-100 protein positive and GFAP negative, and 16 tumors with features of malignancy. Seventy-five percent of these cases involved the head, neck or limbs. Recurrent tumors were submitted or reported to recur in 9 cases. Tumor recurrence was reported for all 3 of the histologic subtypes. None was documented to metastasize.
Authors: Gleidice Lavalle, Angélica Bertagnolli, Wanessa Tavares, Marcos Silva, Geovanni Cassali
Veterinary pathology.
Mammary tumors are among the most common neoplastic processes in female dogs. Prostaglandin E2, the catalytic product of Cox-2, may promote tumor development and angiogenesis. It has beenMammary tumors are among the most common neoplastic processes in female dogs. Prostaglandin E2, the catalytic product of Cox-2, may promote tumor development and angiogenesis. It has been investigated in several human cancers and also correlated with the evolution of the disease. However, the clinical implications of tumor pathology require more investigation in veterinary medicine. Angiogenesis is essential for the growth and metastasis of major solid tumors and has been correlated with prognosis in human and canine breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate Cox-2 expression and microvessel density in canine mammary carcinomas and to correlate them with overall survival of the animal. COX-2 and angiogenesis were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 46 mammary carcinomas (19 ductal and 27 metaplastic) and in healthy mammary glands. To assess tumor angiogenesis, microvessel density (MVD) was determined by CD31 staining. Immunostaining revealed that 46/46 (100%) of the tumors were positive for Cox 2 and CD31 and there was no statistical difference among tumor types. Cox-2 protein expression correlated positively with CD31 staining (r= 0.3742, p = 0.0104) but did not correlate significantly with tumor type. Longer overall survival was observed in metaplastic carcinomas (P=0.028), in tumors with low microvessel density (P=0.0002) and with low Cox-2 score (P=0.01). Our results demonstrate that increased microvessel density and increased Cox-2 expression were linearly related in the canine mammary tumors studied and were also related to worse prognosis and shorter overall survival. This suggests that Cox-2 inhibitors could be an alternative for the treatment and control of advanced neoplastic mammary disease in female dogs.
Authors: Taryn Donovan, Mark Schrenzel, Tammy Tucker, Allan Pessier, Beth Bicknese, Martin Busch, Annabel Wise, Roger Maes, Matti Kiupel, Christy McKnight, Robert Nordhausen
Veterinary pathology.
A twelve-year-old, female polar bear (Ursus maritimus) developed a sudden onset of muscle tremors, erratic circling, increased blinking, head shaking and ptyalism, which progressed to partial andA twelve-year-old, female polar bear (Ursus maritimus) developed a sudden onset of muscle tremors, erratic circling, increased blinking, head shaking and ptyalism, which progressed to partial and generalized seizures. Ancillary diagnostic tests were inconclusive and the only significant laboratory finding was nonsuppurative pleocytosis of cerebrospinal fluid. Euthanasia was elected. Microscopic evaluation demonstrated multifocal, random nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis involving most prominently the rostral cerebral cortex, as well as the thalamus, midbrain, and rostral medulla. Lesions consisted of inflammation, neuronal necrosis, gliosis and both neuronal and glial basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies. Immunohistochemistry with a polyclonal antibody reactive to several equine herpesviruses was positive within affected areas of the brain, and PCR conclusively demonstrated the presence of only equine herpesvirus 9 (EHV-9). The clinical and morphologic features of this case resemble other fatal herpesvirus encephalitides derived from interspecies transmission and underscore the need for extreme caution when managing wild or captive equids.
Authors: Elias Facury Filho, Antonio Carvalho, Ronnie Assis, Francisco Lobato, Milene Alvarenga, Augusto Carvalho, Paulo Ferreira, Ricardo Nascimento, Andre Fernandes, Francisco Uzal
Veterinary pathology.
This study was designed to experimentally reproduce enterotoxemia by C. perfringens type D in cattle and to characterize the clinicopathological findings of this disease. Fourteen, 9 month old calvesThis study was designed to experimentally reproduce enterotoxemia by C. perfringens type D in cattle and to characterize the clinicopathological findings of this disease. Fourteen, 9 month old calves were inoculated intraduodenally according to the following schedule: group 1 (n=4) C. perfringens type D whole culture; group 2 (n=3) C. perfringens type D washed cells; group 3 (n=5) C. perfringens type D filtered and concentrated supernatant; group 4 (n=2) sterile, non-toxic culture medium. In addition, all animals received a 20% starch solution in the abomasum. Ten animals from groups 1 (4/4), 2 (3/3) and 3 (3/5) showed severe respiratory and neurological signs. Gross findings were observed in these 10 animals, and consisted of acute pulmonary edema, excessive protein-rich pericardial fluid, watery contents in the small intestine and multifocal petechial hemorrhages on the jejunal mucosa. The brain of one animal of group 2 that survived for 8 days, showed multi-focal, bilateral and symmetrical encephalomalacia in the corpus striatum. The most striking histologic changes consisted of perivascular high protein edema in the brain, and alveolar and interstitial proteinaceous pulmonary edema. The animal that survived for 8 days and that had gross lesions in the corpus striatum showed histologically severe, focal necrosis of this area, cerebellar peduncles and thalamus. Koch's postulates have been met and these results show that experimental enterotoxemia by C. perfringens type D in cattle has similar clinical and pathological characteristics to the natural and experimental disease in sheep.
Authors: Paula Krimer, Stephen Harvey, Uriel Blas-Machado, James Lauderdale, Phillip Moore
Veterinary pathology.
All male and female New Zealand white rabbits in a limbal cell graft study developed marked generalized mammary gland hypertrophy. Post-procedural medications included ophthalmic 0.1% dexamethasone,All male and female New Zealand white rabbits in a limbal cell graft study developed marked generalized mammary gland hypertrophy. Post-procedural medications included ophthalmic 0.1% dexamethasone, ophthalmic 0.5% cyclosporine and subcutaneous cyclosporine A. Cytological examination revealed epithelial clusters with minimal malignant criteria. On histological evaluation there was diffuse glandular hyperplasia with mild cellular atypia and ductal ectasia separated by abundant hypercellular fibrous stroma, consistent with fibroadenomatous mammary gland hyperplasia. The hyperplasia resolved within 2 weeks of cessation of cyclosporine and at necropsy identifiable mammary masses were not found. Very little has been reported about the use of cyclosporine in laboratory rabbits and its association with development of mammary gland hyperplasia. This is the first report in which administration of cyclosporine to male and female rabbits at a dose as low as 5mg/kg/day induced benign fibroadenomatous mammary gland hyperplasia. This change regressed after cessation of the drug.
Authors: Amir Hamir
Veterinary pathology.
Scrapie is a naturally occurring fatal neurodegenerative disease of sheep and goats. Susceptibility to the disease is partly dependent upon the genetic makeup of the host. In a previous study it wasScrapie is a naturally occurring fatal neurodegenerative disease of sheep and goats. Susceptibility to the disease is partly dependent upon the genetic makeup of the host. In a previous study it was shown that sheep intracerebrally inoculated with US scrapie inoculum (No. 13-7) developed terminal disease within an average of 19 months. We have since produced an inoculum, No. x124 from pooled brains of US origin sheep scrapie, that results in incubations nearly 3 fold shorter. The present study documents clinicopathological findings and the distribution of abnormal prion proteins (PrPSc) by immunohistochemical (IHC) and Western blot (WB) techniques, in tissues of sheep inoculated with No. x124. All inoculated sheep developed clinical disease and were euthanized within an average of 7.7 months post-inoculation (MPI). Sheep that had VV or AV at codon 136 of prion protein (PRNP) gene developed the disease faster and were euthanized at an average of 4.3 and 5.6 MPI, respectively. Also, the inoculum was able to induce disease in a short time (7 MPI) in a sheep that was relatively resistant (QR at codon 171) to scrapie. This indicates that inoculum No. x124 appears to induce scrapie in shorter time than inoculum No. 13-7, especially in sheep homozygous or heterozygous for valine at codon 136.
Authors: Amir Hamir
Veterinary pathology.
The testes and the spermatic cord of raccoons (Procyon lotor, kits to adult breeders; n=48) were examined. Segmental arteritis confined to the extra-testicular portions of the testicular artery wasThe testes and the spermatic cord of raccoons (Procyon lotor, kits to adult breeders; n=48) were examined. Segmental arteritis confined to the extra-testicular portions of the testicular artery was present in raccoons of all ages. The arterial changes were seen in laboratory-confined experimental and control animals as well as in wild-caught raccoons. The lesions consisted of proliferative endarteritis with presence of inflammatory cells within the intema, media and the adventitial regions of most affected vessels. Some aspects of the proliferative arterial lesions were reminiscent of systemic necrotizing vasculitis (polyarteritis nodosa), an immunologically mediated condition of animals and humans. Etiological agents were not identified at the affected sites. Arteritis was not attributed to the administration of infectious agents because it was present in raccoons of all age and origin. To our knowledge multifocal arteritis confined to the testicular artery has not previously been documented in raccoons.
Authors: Felix Tanner, Rolf Jenni
Veterinary pathology.
Does not apply.
Authors: Patrícia Dias Pereira, Célia Lopes, Augusto Matos, Daniela Pinto, Fátima Gartner, Carlos Lopes, Rui Medeiros
Veterinary pathology.
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is an importante enzyme involved in inactivation of catechol oestrogens, metabolites with carcinogenic properties. Some investigations in human breast cancer haveCatechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is an importante enzyme involved in inactivation of catechol oestrogens, metabolites with carcinogenic properties. Some investigations in human breast cancer have associated a genetic polymorphism in COMT gene (COMT val158met) with an increased risk and poor clinical progression of the disease. In dogs, there are two recognized single nucleotide polymorphisms in COMT gene (COMT G216A and COMTG482A), however their influence on the outcome of mammary neoplasms has never been investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of COMT in clinical progression of canine mammary tumors, namely in recurrences, metastasis and survival, testing 2 SNP (G216A and G482A) and genotypes in the COMT gene. A case-case study was conducted analyzing genomic DNA samples from 80 bitches with mammary tumors by PCR-RFLP. Animals were submitted to an active follow-up study for a period of 24 months after surgery. We observed that bitches carrying simultaneously both genetic variations are more likely to develop recurrence of mammary lesions. Our results demonstrate a possible role for COMT genotypes in the definition of the outcome of mammary neoplasms in the dog, identifying them as a genetic factor predictive of recurrences, which may be useful in the selection of the most effective surgical approach for canine mammary neoplasms.
Authors: Brain Summers
Veterinary pathology.
Authors: John Sundberg, Jerrold Ward, Paul Schofield
Veterinary pathology.
None provided as this is a commentary.
Authors: Gordon Hard, Gordon Flake, Robert Sills
Veterinary pathology.
The histopathological changes induced in F344 rat kidney by oral administration of melamine for 13-week and 2-year periods in studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program, NIH,25 fromThe histopathological changes induced in F344 rat kidney by oral administration of melamine for 13-week and 2-year periods in studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program, NIH,25 from 1976-1983 have been re-evaluated and described in detail. A constellation of tubule changes extending from papilla to cortex consistently included tubule dilatation and tubule basophilia as salient features at the subchronic time-point. By 2-years, these lesions had usually resolved into fibrotic scars, in which tubule loss and collagen deposition were prominent, running from superficial cortex into the medulla. These fibrotic lesions required discrimination from chronic scars resulting from infarcts, and foci of chronic progressive nephropathy (CPN). A case is presented here for interpreting the constellation of histologic changes induced in rats by melamine as representing an ascending form of nephropathy. The term retrograde nephropathy is considered to be the appropriate nomenclature for both the acute and chronic lesions. The cause for the reflux, emanating from the lower urinary tract, appeared not to be infection as an inflammatory response was not prominent. It can be speculated that melamine precipitation in the lower urinary tract created pressure effects through transient obstruction leading to the renal changes. These changes were different from those involved in a major U.S. outbreak of renal disease and death in cats and dogs associated with triazine-contaminated pet food, in which crystalluria from insoluble melamine/cyanuric acid complexes occurred in the kidney. However, the rat findings may be relevant to melamine-associated kidney disease recently reported in infants in China.
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