Conference Record - IAS Annual Meeting (IEEE Industry Applications Society)

Publications in this journal

• Conference Proceeding: Medium frequency induction melting furnace as a load on the power system

  I. Yilmaz, M. Ermis, I. Cadirci
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  ABSTRACT: The variable frequency operation of the coreless induction melting furnace has been investigated in detail both theoretically and experimentally. The time variations of the operational impedance value of the induction melting furnace, owing to the time-varying resonance frequency and crucible conditions, have been derived for typical melting cycles by using a variable, parallel RLC model derived from extensive field measurements. The work coil and its crucible is supplied at variable frequency from a multi-pulse rectifier and a current-fed, load resonant inverter cascade. Uncharacteristic current harmonics caused by cross modulation phenomenon across the AC-DC-AC link have been derived theoretically, and verified by field tests. These theoretical results and extensive field measurements on a sample induction melting furnace installation have shown that i. the major power quality problem of an induction melting furnace as a load on the power system, is the injection of various characteristic and uncharacteristic current harmonics to the grid, ii. line currents on the supply side are nearly balanced, iii. flicker contribution is below the limits specified in the standards, iv. reactive power demand is relatively low and the variations in the magnitude and rate of change of active power are not drastic, and v. no voltage sag and swell phenomena arising from furnace operation occur.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2011 IEEE; 11/2011
• Conference Proceeding: Taylor series expression based equivalent circuit models of LEDs for analysis of LED driver system

  Ray-Lee Lin, Chia-Chun Lee, Shun-Yao Liu
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  ABSTRACT: This paper presents the Taylor series expression based equivalent circuit models of light emitting diodes (LEDs) for the analysis of the LED driver system. In order to describe the non-linear V-I characteristics of LEDs, Taylor series can be used to express the equivalent conductance components in the DC and AC equivalent circuit models of LEDs. Based on the Taylor series expression, the equivalent AC conductance in the equivalent circuit model of the LED array can be derived. Finally, one LED array with 5 paralleled strings of 4 LEDs in series is used for the comparison of the theoretical and measured results of the equivalent AC conductance component in the corresponding equivalent circuit model.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2011 IEEE; 11/2011
• Conference Proceeding: Optimized fuel cell array energy management using multi-agent systems

  R. Roche, L. Idoumghar, B. Blunier, A. Miraoui
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  ABSTRACT: With the recent commercialization of modular fuel cell power plants, the interest for stationary fuel cells has grown over the last years. The main advantages of these energy sources are their limited environmental impact compared to traditional power sources such as coal- and gas-fired power plants, and at the same time, their ability to be controlled, as opposed to intermittent energy sources. However, controlling an entire array of fuel cells causes problems similar to the ones encountered by thermal power plant operators: how can the operation of such units be optimized? This article describes a method to help reach a better economic performance for fuel cell arrays, in which the individual performance of each fuel cell is considered. The method is based on a hybrid system consisting in a multi-agent system, an expert system and an optimization algorithm for optimally dispatching the load. By enabling the use of storage and the ability to automatically start and stop fuel cells, simulation results show that the energy management system can dramatically reduce running costs, as well as enable a very flexible control.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2011 IEEE; 11/2011
• Conference Proceeding: Comparative evaluation of Light Emitting Diode cap lamps with an emphasis on visual performance in mesopic lighting conditions

  M.A. Reyes, J.J. Sammarco, S. Gallagher, J. Srednicki
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  ABSTRACT: Conducted at the Office of Mine Safety and Health Research laboratory of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), this experiment is part of ongoing mine illumination research designed to explore the benefits of solid state lighting technologies when applied to the underground mining industry. This experiment involves the comparative evaluation of cap lamps with similar spectral power distributions, focusing on the electrical and battery discharge characteristics, with a secondary objective being exploring the benefits gained through alternative light beam distributions. NIOSH researchers conducted the investigation by comparing three commercially available LED cap lamps and a NIOSH prototype cap lamp at varying power settings. Visual performance for the detection of hazards was quantified by recording times of detection for finding rotating targets in the peripheral field of view and objects representing trip and fall hazards on the ground. Results show that the NIOSH prototype improved the ability to perceive objects in the visual field by improving peripheral motion detection times by as much as 79.5%, and ground hazard detection times by as much as 194.1%.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2011 IEEE; 11/2011
• Conference Proceeding: Effect of the Electric Discharge Confinement on the Perforation Density of Porous Materials

  J. Garcia-Garcia, E. Miranda, C. Garzón, C.S. Martínez-Cisneros, J. Alonso
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  ABSTRACT: A method to enhance the perforation density of porous materials by means of electrical discharges is reported. The method consists in using screening matrices to confine the discharges so as to reduce their lateral excursion.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: Application of Genetic Algorithms to the Optimization of a Roll-Type Electrostatic Separation Process

  O. Dahou, K. Medles, S. Touhami, M.F. Boukhoulda, A. Tilmatine, L. Dascalescu
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  ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was the development of a procedure for optimal control of electrostatic separation processes using a genetic algorithm. The target was to maximize the conductor product, the control variables being the high voltage that supplies the electrode system and the inclination of the splitter between the two compartments in which are collected the conductor product and the middling. The effectiveness of the procedure is tested against a situation of dysfunction that can occur in industrial practice: a variation of the speed of the rotating drum electrode.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: Transmitting Power System Dynamics in Existing SCADA Using Sampling/Interpolation Based Data Compression

  Su Sheng, Hong Feng, Shi Dongyuan, Duan Xianzhong
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  ABSTRACT: Grasping system dynamic information is helpful for dispatcher in control center to take correct control action in time under emergency condition. Wide Area Measurement Systems (WAMS) has been viewed as an ideal system to monitor power systems since it can provide comprehensive profile and dynamic behavior of the power systems. Whereas, for its demanding request on communication systems, it might not operate when part of communication systems fails. Therefore, it is highly preferred to facilitate Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) with the capability to transmit power system dynamics as an alternation. Based on the development of substation automation system, a novel approach is proposed to transmit system dynamics in existing SCADA using data compression. Uniform sampling based data compression and interpolation based reconstruction are utilized to reduce data volume and mitigate restriction of communication capacity. The system dynamics is compressed in Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) so that a few samplings could contain system dynamics information. The sampled data could be used to reconstruct dynamics information by interpolation. Simulation on a 36 nodes system shows feasibility of the proposed approach.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
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  Conference Proceeding: Discomfort Glare Comparison For Various LED Cap Lamps

  J. Sammarco, A. Mayton, T. Lutz, S. Gallagher
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  ABSTRACT: Researchers at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) are investigating different lighting technologies with the objective of improving mine safety. This paper presents results from an ongoing study that compares discomfort glare for different LED cap lamps using the de Boer rating scale. The cap lamps tested included two commercially-available LED cap lamps and one NIOSH prototype LED cap lamp tested at three different illumination levels. Prior research indicated the NIOSH prototype enabled much better visual performance as compared to other LED cap lamps. It uses three LEDs that produce multiple illumination areas in comparison to commercially-available cap lamps that use one LED and project a narrow spot pattern. Across subjects and cap lamp test conditions, measured illuminances (averaged at both eyes) varied from 0.62 lux to 3.73 lux; whereas, the de Boer glare ratings varied from 4.86 to 7.71. An analysis of variance based on 15 subjects indicated a significant difference in discomfort glare due to cap lamps (F 4, 52 = 18.01, p <;0.001). Post hoc tests indicate that one of the commercially-available cap lamps exhibited lower discomfort scores, with no statistically significant differences detected between the others. Thus, the NIOSH prototype cap lamp does not cause.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: Sensorless Power Maximization of PMSG Based Isolated Wind-Battery Hybrid System Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Controller

  M. Singh, A. Chandra, B. Singh
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  ABSTRACT: This paper presents a novel Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS) for the optimal control of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) to extract maximum power without the need of speed & position sensors or any complex estimating algorithm. The control algorithm determines the optimal value of torque controlling current component as a function of change in output power. The error between the optimal values of torque current and actual current is utilized to train the ANFIS structure using error back propagation method. In the proposed work, an isolated wind-battery hybrid system is considered, where a boost chopper is used to control the PMSG. A buck-boost converter is used to maintain constant DC-Link voltage and to interface an efficient battery energy storage system (BESS) in order to meet fluctuating load demand under varying wind conditions. The proposed strategy is realized and simulated in MATLAB/SPS environment. The simulation results under dynamic operating conditions are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed strategy.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: Measurement Methodologies for Analysis of Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Events in Multi-Body Problems

  W.D. Greason
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  ABSTRACT: Maxwell's method to formulate multi-body capacitances for a system of conductors is the preferred method for use in the analysis of ESD events in multi-body problems since the effect of external ground planes is included in the concept of capacitance coefficients. For any geometry of conductors and body charges, body potentials can be calculated to determine the relative probability and severity of an ESD event. However, the measurement method to determine capacitance coefficients requires the use of a stable dc supply and a floating battery powered electrometer. In this work, an alternate measurement methodology is investigated which uses a conventional capacitance meter. Body to ground and body to body capacitances are measured; transformation equations are developed which permit calculation of the required system capacitance coefficients. The two methodologies are compared with measurements done on a basic two body problem including a ground plane.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: Taiwan First Large-Scale Offshore Wind Farm Connection - A Real Project Case Study

  Wu Yuan-Kang, Lee Ching-Yin, Shu Ging-He
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  ABSTRACT: The west coast and islands of Taiwan have abundant wind resource, which offers a great opportunity for large-scale offshore wind power generation. In Taiwan, the first stage of offshore wind farms at Jhang-Bin and Peng-Hu areas have been planning. Particularly, the Jhang-Bin wind farm would become the first and one of the largest wind farms in Taiwan. Therefore, its impacts on the system operation and security have to be investigated and studied in advance. Following a general connection design discussion, this paper comprises four major system impact analyses: load flow, fault current, voltage variation, and transient stability. Moreover, three types of typical wind turbines have been adopted respectively in this study in order to compare their performances on the wind farm integration system. From the simulation results, some significant conclusions and recommendations have been extracted, which would contribute to the first off-shore wind farm development in Taiwan.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: A Series Voltage Regulator based on Quasi-Sinusoidal Waveform to Achieve Smart-Grid Requirements

  I.A. Pires, B. de Jesus Cardoso Filho, J.C. de Oliveira
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  ABSTRACT: Smart-Grid has emerged as an important requirement to achieve high quality voltage supplied to customers. Within the context of general power quality indicators, a common problem found in distribution systems is the unbalanced voltage. Usually, to solve this type of disturbance, a step voltage regulator can be used to obtain voltage amplitude compensation. However, for many applications, this device does not fulfill the required smart-grid needs. This can be attributed to the slow time response and the inefficacy in compensating unbalanced voltages with phase jumps. Focusing on this subject, this paper proposes a rapid response electronic voltage regulator based on a multilevel series voltage compensator topology. Using a quasi-sinusoidal waveform, the proposed device balances the supply voltages while keeping the compensated voltages within the harmonic distortion limits.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: Simple Control System for a Switcher Locomotive Hybrid Fuel Cell Power System

  K. Yedavali, Liping Guo, D.S. Zinger
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  ABSTRACT: Fuel cells are currently being considered as power sources for vehicles to reduce the need for fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This paper investigates the use of fuel cells in switcher locomotive applications. To meet the dynamic needs of switcher locomotives, a hybrid system is required that consists of power sources including ultracapacitors and batteries along with the fuel cell. A simple control algorithm is developed that supplies the demanded power and maintains the proper charge on the battery and ultracapacitor.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: A Conjugate Gradient Method for the Solution of the Inverse Heating Problem in Thermoforming

  M.M.I. Chy, B. Boulet
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  ABSTRACT: Finding the setpoints of heater temperatures such that the sheet will achieve the desired temperature at the end of the heating cycle is known as the inverse heating problem (IHP) in thermoforming. Although a major portion of the heat is transferred from the oven to the sheet by radiation, conduction and convection also have a significant contribution in sheet heating. This makes the inverse heating problem more complex. In addition, the IHP is often ill-posed in a thermoforming process, making the solution unstable. In this paper, a conjugate gradient method is used to solve the IHP in the control of sheet temperature. In developing the method, computational cost is considered such that it can be implemented as a real-time algorithm in the controller. The performance of the proposed method for solving IHP, and thereby the corresponding sheet temperature controller, are tested in simulation at different operating conditions and compared with the conventional method of solving IHP based on the pseudo-inverse of the view factor matrix. The efficiency of the proposed method for the estimation of heater setpoints and the accuracy of the controller are evidenced by the results, showing promise for prospective real-time applications.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: A Laboratory Analysis of Plasma Based Hybrid Techniques for Treating Engine Exhaust

  A.D. Srinivasan, B.S. Rajanikanth
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  ABSTRACT: A detailed study on the removal of pollutants (NOx, aldehydes and CO) from the exhaust of a stationary diesel engine is carried out using barrier discharge hybrid plasma techniques. The objective of the study is to make a comparative analysis. For this purpose, the exhaust treatment was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, the exhaust was treated with plasma process and plasma-adsorbent hybrid process. The effectiveness of the two processes with regard to NOx removal and by-product reduction was discussed. In the second stage, the exhaust was treated by plasma and plasma-catalyst hybrid process. The effectiveness of the two processes with regard to pollutants (NOx, CO) removal and by-product reduction was analyzed. Finally, a comprehensive comparison of different techniques has been made and feasible plasma based hybrid techniques for stationary and non-stationary engine exhaust treatments were proposed.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: Shape Measurement of Steel Strips Using a Laser-Based Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Technique

  J. Molleda, R. Usamentiaga, D.F. García, F.G. Bulnes, L. Ema
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  ABSTRACT: Quality control is of utmost importance in the metal industry. It requires online measurement and inspection systems which provide precise feedback to closed-loop controllers in industrial facilities. In rolled products, shape is one of the main quality criteria. In this work a low-cost, real-time 3D shape measurement system for long, flat-rolled products based on laser triangulation is proposed. The system provides online measurements of two geometrical features of the shape of rolled products: flatness and width. The proposed system is based on 3D surface reconstruction of rolled products with which flatness can be measured accurately and continuously across the whole width of the strip. Three-dimensional surface reconstruction provides highly width accurate measurements not only of flat products, as do most other systems, but of non-flat products. The accuracy of the laser extraction method used to reconstruct the surface of the rolled products is evaluated, as well as the online performance of the system.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: Fast Discharge Mechanism for Ring Motors in Gearless Draglines

  J. Mazumdar
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  ABSTRACT: In the case of high power applications, or where the machine ratings are in the MW range e.g. mining applications using a AC gearless dragline etc. the level of these currents is extremely high, of the order of 100's of amps. Such high currents result in huge amount of energy stored in the inductor, which is difficult to dissipate quickly through a small resistance since the time constant given by L/R, for such systems would be too high. Also, if dealing with high power applications, the energy stored in such fields is so high, that dissipating it results in excessive heating ambient and consequently requires additional cooling for the complete system. If instead of dissipating this energy, it is efficiently stored, then in theory it can be used as a backup supply in case of a fault in the system. Traditionally circuit breakers are used to isolate such machines in cases of faults. This paper attempts to provide an alternate method for discharging the field circuit by eliminating the use of circuit breakers. The technique is solely based on high power solid state devices.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: Active Compensation of Sub and Interharmonics in Cycloconverter-Fed Grinding Mill Drives

  P. Aravena, L. Morán, J. Dixon, G. Joos
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  ABSTRACT: This paper presents a filter scheme implemented with passive high-pass filters and a shunt active power filter. The filter scheme is aimed to compensate high power cycloconverter drives used in grinding mill plant. Passive filters are used to compensate power factor and characteristics current harmonic components generated by the cycloconverter, while the shunt active filter is designed to compensate only the low frequency sub and inter-harmonics generated by the cycloconverter. The principal advantage of the proposed scheme is that it allows effective attenuation of all the harmonic components resulting from cycloconverter input currents, meeting IEEE Std. 519. Simulated results of a large grinding mill plant compensated with the proposed filter scheme prove the compensation effectiveness.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010
• Conference Proceeding: PSO Tuned Flatness Based Control of a Magnetic Levitation System

  E. Anene, G.K. Venayagamoorthy
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  ABSTRACT: Investigation on the application of flatness-based feedback linearization to the magnetic levitation model of INTECOTm Maglev system is presented in this paper. The MAGLEV system dynamics studied consists of a set of third order nonlinear differential equations. Using computational techniques proposed by Levine, it is verified that the ball position is the flat output. The derived flat output is applied in the construction of a nonlinear control law used to control the levitation to a set point as well as tracking a sine function trajectory. The controller gains are obtained and optimized using particle swarm optimization. The simulation results compared very well with the default PID control. Real-time and non real-time simulation using the MATLAB/ SIMULINK real workshop environment is presented.
  Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2010 IEEE; 11/2010