Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum

Publications in this journal

• Article: [Development of metabolic parameters in the early phases of liver regeneration].

  V Bláha, J Simek
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  ABSTRACT: Liver regeneration means the ability of the liver to restore the initial cellular mass after damage of various etiology. The primary mechanism of liver regeneration is not clearly defined yet. According to the recent knowledge the liver regeneration is directed by co-acting of many factors and events, among which the metabolic changes in regenerating liver tissue play important role. The aim of this study is to summarize the most important metabolic changes in the early steps of liver regeneration. The study presents the changes, which are taking place in the liver and in the other tissues and organs during liver regeneration, particularly after partial hepatectomy, but also in other types of liver damage. In the beginning the short overview of genetic changes, which enable the development of metabolic changes, is presented. After that the attention is drawn to the carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. In the part, discussing the lipids, the results of experiments, in which the authors followed the influencing of liver regeneration in the rat after partial hepatectomy by means of parenteral and enteral application of various types of lipids and lipids combined with carnitine, is presented. In the next part the study discusses the metabolism of protein kinases and/or ions and trace elements. The energy metabolism as the necessary part of metabolic events is mentioned after that. In the last part the study draws attention to enzymatic retrodifferentiation in regenerating liver.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(1):37-55.
• Article: [50 years' of the Medical School of Charles University in Hradec Králové].

  L Plásilová
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(1):5-19.
• Article: [Comparison of the effect of selected cholinesterase reactivators combined with atropine on soman and fosdrin toxicity in mice].

  J Kassa
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  ABSTRACT: The efficacy of cholinesterase reactivators tetroxime, HI-6 and obidoxime in combination with atropine against highly toxic organophosphate soman as well as organophosphorus insecticide fosdrin was evaluated in male mice using median lethal dose (LD50) for 48 hours. Oxime HI-6 appears to be considerably more effective than tetroxime as well as obidoxime for the treatment of acute poisonings by soman or fosdrin, although the difference in effect is not significant in the case of poisoning by fosdrin. These findings suggest that HI-6 has definite advantage over obidoxime as well as tetroxime in the treatment of poisoning with not only highly toxic organophosphates but also organophoshorus insecticides.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(1):63-6.
• Article: [Clinical picture and diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by a ruptured aneurysm].

  D Krajícková
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  ABSTRACT: Ruptured cerebral aneurysm is the most common cause of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Subsequent to this catastrophe, patients have usually evidence of severe headache with sudden onset, signs of meningeal irritation, and depression of consciousness. Difficulties in diagnosis arise when the clinical picture is not classical. Cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is the leading cause of death and disability after aneurysm rupture. In the presence of a typical history and a normal CT scan, lumbar puncture should be performed with spectrophotometry analysis of the supernatant. After subarachnoid hemorrhage has been confirmed, four-vessel angiography should be performed as soon as possible. The surgical treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by ruptured aneurysm is the method of choice.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(1):75-9.
• Article: Bleeding to adrenal gland in adults.

  J Base, J Navrátilová, Z Sprinar, P Eliás
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  ABSTRACT: At the Department of Urology in Hradec Králové five patients were treated in 1991 to 1993 with bleeding to the adrenal glands. We present our reports of these patients and stress the difficulty of preoperative diagnosis.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(2):95-8.
• Article: [Biological aspects of materials recommended as alternatives to amalgams].

  V Půza, L Novák, M Cervinka, J Kolárová
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  ABSTRACT: Evaluation of biological properties of filling materials used as an alternative to amalgams shows that none of the tested materials possess the required biological properties. It is therefore necessary to search for new and better filling materials.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(1):57-62.
• Article: [Blunt injury of the kidney--personal experience and present views on its therapy].

  J Base, J Navrátilová, I Zborilová, E Urbanová
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  ABSTRACT: Between 1972 to 1994 there were admitted 105 patients with blunt trauma of the kidney, 89 men and 16 women with median age 32 years. In 53 patients the left kidney was affected and in 52 of them the right side was injured. According to the grade of trauma we evaluated in 77 patients a contusion (73.3%), by 16 patients a laceration (15.2%), in 11 patients a rupture of the kidney with fragmentation of the parenchyma and in one the renal artery was injured. The mechanism leading to the blunt trauma of the kidney was following: traffic accident in 52 patients (49.5%), during sport in 20 patients (19.5%). 16 patients were injured in own home (9.5%) and 7 patients in work (6.7%). In 28 patients the trauma of the kidney was serious, by 5 of them we have done nephrectomy (17.8%), in two suture of the parenchyma (7.1%) and in further two patients heminephrectomy. After considering clinical status, grade of hypovolemic shock and finding on CT scan we prefer lately conservative steps in the treatment serious trauma of the kidney.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(1):81-6.
• Article: Serum level of IL-6 in patients with primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome.

  R Slezák, J Krejsek, O Kopecký, H Jelenová
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  ABSTRACT: The level of interleukin-6 in the serum of 17 patients suffering from the primary SJögren's syndrome and of 16 with secondary Sjögren's syndrome were determined by means of ELISA. The mean value of IL-6 in primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome was 2.41 pg/ml (1.45-3.37 pg/ml) and 3.01 pg/ml (1.63-4.39 pg/ml). The normal serum level of IL-6 was below 3.0 pg/ml. The serum level of IL-6 was not elevated in Sjögren's syndrome patient, there was no significant difference in the serum level of IL-6 between both groups of the patients.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(2):59-60.
• Article: Neural transplantation of the rat midgestation trophoblast.

  J Mokrý, S Nĕmecek
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  ABSTRACT: The trophoblast may serve as an example of tissue that is endowed with invasive properties under physiological conditions. Invasiveness of the trophoblast is enabled by the secretion of various proteases capable of degrading extracellular matrix components. Trophoblast invasive behaviour is strictly controlled by anti-invasive factors produced by uterine decidual cells. To assess invasive abilities of trophoblast cells we have transplanted E9 and E14 rat trophoblast (i.e. the trophoblast obtained on embryonic day 9 and 14) into the brain of adult rats. The brain parenchyma as an immunologically privileged site is suitable for acceptance of grafts of different tissues. Moreover, the trophoblast placed into the CNS lacks inhibitory influence of anti-invasive factors that normally regulate trophoblast invasivity in the course of intrauterine gestation. To visualize migration of grafted cells the nuclei of the trophoblast were labelled with bromodeoxyuridine prior to neural grafting. The transplant of E9 and E14 trophoblast cells obtained a blood nourishment from host vessels. A proper vascularization is necessary for a further transplant growth. The transplant contained labyrinthine trophoblast cells and giant cells that are typical for the rat placenta. Vital trophoblast cells were found in all grafts whose age did not exceed a lifespan of normal rat trophoblast cells, i.e. 21-22 days. In the centre of the graft, no blood vessels were observed. Interstitial spaces of neighbouring trophoblast cells were filled with the host blood and morphology of these spaces mimicked lacunae of the placental trophoblast. E9 and E14 rat trophoblast continued to differentiate after transplantation into the CNS of adult rats. Histological structure of the grafts were compared with microscopical morphology of the normal rat placenta. E9 and E14 trophoblast is considerably differentiated and it does not invade a neighbouring tissue. Trophoblast cells located at the graft periphery may migrate on free surfaces but they do not invade through the host parenchyma. Migration occurs at a limited distance from the transplant and the cells remain in a close contact with other trophoblast cells in the graft via their cytoplasmatic processes. The ability to lyse host blood vessels and form vascular lacunae is well preserved in E9 and E14 trophoblast after grafting into the CNS. This ability is necessary for a proper transport of nutrients from the host blood stream to fetal tissue that normally occurs in the placenta.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(2):61-9.
• Article: Changes of some biochemical and hematological parameters following administration of daunorubicin in rabbits.

  V Gersl, J Bajgar, O Krs, R Hrdina, J Vávrová, V Palicka, J Voglová, J Cerman, P Suba
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  ABSTRACT: The effects of the repeated i.v. administration of daunorubicin (50 mg/m2, once weekly, max. 9 weeks) were investigated in rabbits in vivo to analyze biochemical and hematological changes. Noninvasive polygraph records were used to evaluate the function of the heart. The administration of daunorubicin induced changes especially in levels of protein (decrease in total protein and albumin) and of some ions (decrease in calcium, magnesium and phosphorus) as well as in hematological parameters (decrease in erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes). the results obtained correlate with data on mechanisms of daunorubicin toxicity.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(2):79-84.
• Article: Motion onset VEPs improve the diagnostics of multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis.

  Z Kubová, M Kuba
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  ABSTRACT: In addition to standard pattern-reversal VEPs, the motion on-set VEPs were examined in 50 patients with acute unilateral retrobulbar neuritis (RN) and in 187 patients with possible or definite multiple sclerosis (MS). In MS patients (without sign or history of RN), the results of both types of VEPs correlated only partially. 26.2% of them displayed changes only in the motion-onset VEPs having the pattern-reversal VEPs completely normal. That is why we suppose that the magnocellular system (tested by motion-onset VEPs) can be affected by demyelination separately. In 28 patients with "pure" RN (without any other sign indicating demyelination disease) the always abnormal pattern-reversal VEPs were accompanied by delayed motion-onset VEPs in only 28.6% of patients. In contrast, much higher rate--68.2%--of delayed motion-onset VEPs was found in the 22 RN patients simultaneously suspected of MS. These results indicate that RN affects predominantly the parvocellular visual system (tested by reversal VEPs). Distinct latency changes of the motion-onset VEPs in RN patients seem to signal a linkage between RN and demyelination.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(2):89-93.
• Article: [Arteriovenous malformations associated with aneurysms of the vein of Galen].

  Z Mracek
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  ABSTRACT: The aneurysms of the vein of Galen may be defined as a midline arteriovenous fistula with aneurysmal dilatation of the median venous sac. From the literature and author's experiences a survey of embryology, pathophysiology as well as contemporary state of diagnosis and therapy of vein of Galen malformation is presented.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(1):67-73.
• Article: [Parenteral and enteral nutrition in patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal system].

  J Bures
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  ABSTRACT: A literature review is given on effectivity and safety of total parenteral and enteral nutrition in gastroenterological diseases and associated disorders. There is a well-known close association between malnutrition and morbidity. Administration of total parenteral and/or enteral nutrition is often life-saving regimen and omission of this therapy could be considered as a seviour vitium artis in such a condition. However, there are some diseases with a lack of proved effectiveness of nutritional support. It is necessary for patients' safety to be stressed that it is necessary to give parenteral and enteral nutrition only in indicated cases (being aware of risk, cost and possible benefit). This regimen can be administrated only by well-trained skilled staff (nutrition teams if possible) with regular controls and patient monitoring.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(1):21-35.
• Article: Convulsive properties of N-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-propoxyphenyl-ethyl)-aziridine and their influencing by diazepam and triazolam.

  J Herink
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  ABSTRACT: Convulsive activity of N-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-propoxy-phenyl-ethyl)-aziridine (FAZ-4), a newly synthesized aziridine compound was studied in rats. There is a lack of tonic component of major paroxysm in comparison with the classical convulsive agent pentylenetetrazol. This effect of FAZ-4 is probably due to the forebrain mechanism without the midbrain involvement. Both anticonvulsants tested suppressed seizures in a different manner, however triazolam exerted stronger anticonvulsive activity than the same dose of diazepam did.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1995; 38(2):85-8.
• Article: [Personal experience with management of extracorporeal circulation in patients with asymptomatic carotid arteriosclerosis].

  V Lonský, J Kubícek, D Marková, J Mandák, J Kovalský, P Eliás, J Dominik
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  ABSTRACT: The authors describe in following paper their own group of patients with asymptomatic but hemodynamically significant carotid disease operated under cardiopulmonary bypass on. Current studies recommend the "alpha-stat" regime as the optimal strategy of CPB conduction to ensure intraoperative cerebral protection. This study was done to verify this idea. 284 consecutive patients admitted for elective coronary surgery underwent a non-invasive Doppler scanning of extracranial carotid arteries. Twenty seven patients (10%) had significant carotid disease. All patients underwent coronary surgery as the first procedure. There was no cerebral complication in this group of patients and neurological status of these patients postoperatively was the same as it was preoperatively. This study shows that CPB in patients with hemodynamically significant carotid disease can be achieved without impairment of central nervous system with "alpha-stat" regime of perfusion.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1993; 36(1-2):77-85.
• Article: [The position of the aortic bifurcation in humans].

  R Voboril
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  ABSTRACT: We followed the position of aorta bifurcation in the arteriograms of 253 persons of known sex and age and in four human foetus. There exists a statistically relevant difference between sex and age. Bifurcation has a higher position in women than in men. In foetus the bifurcation position is placed relatively high--in the 3rd lumbal vertebra--in adults the bifurcation position is in the 4th lumbal vertebra. We can observe a slow decrease of aortal bifurcation to the distal direction in humans after 50 years of age. This descent is statistically significant.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1993; 36(1-2):87-104.
• Article: [The adverse effects of computer video monitors on their operators].

  K Ettler
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  ABSTRACT: Probable undesirable influence of visual display terminals to attendance are characterized: electric and electrostatic fields, magnetic field, x-ray and UV-radiation. There are described protective arrangements here: terminals of a new construction, prospectively protective filters in front of old terminals.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1993; 36(1-2):65-9.
• Article: [The Ames test in genetic toxicology. I].

  G Mracková
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  ABSTRACT: The present study deals with the basic principles of the genetic toxicology, the use of detection methods to determine substances with genotoxic effects and emphasizes the advantage of using tests on prokaryotic-bacterial level. The so-called Ames test, i.e. the testing system with Salmonella typhimurium strains, is also detailed.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1993; 36(1-2):5-10.
• Article: [Non-heart surgical procedures in patients with mechanical valve prostheses. Experience with surgery in 38 patients].

  V Lonský, J Mandák, V Rozsíval, J Dominik
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  ABSTRACT: The authors discuss their own experience with noncardiac surgery in continuously Coumarine anticoagulant treated patients with mechanical valvular prostheses. Of 38 patients treated since 1986 were 12 operated under full Coumarine anticoagulant treatment, on eighteen patients were given Heparin preoperatively in a continual infusion, five patients were given an anti-agreggation dose of Heparin and other didn't receive any anticoagulant treatment. According to the authors' opinion it is safer to change the patients before the planned surgical treatment to intravenous Heparin. In case of urgent surgery it is, however, possible to operate also anticoagulant treated patients on. The authors in principle don't recommend K vitamin administration before surgery. Antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery is a matter of course.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1993; 36(1-2):71-6.
• Article: [Evaluation of the quality of a decision-making rule in discriminant analysis].

  H Skalská, P Petýrek
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  ABSTRACT: Logistic regression (LR) and concept of the beta-confidence allocation rule were applied to predict the survival of dogs within the radiobiological experiment. The biochemical and haematological investigations in 86 dogs on the 2nd, 5th and 8th day post-external gamma-neutron irradiation (4.8-7.2 Gy) were used as explanatory variables for the prediction of more than 64 days survival. The influence of experimental conditions was monitored. Correctly predicted cases with LR models were proportioned as 81%, 85% and 93% on 2nd, 5th and 8th day respectively. Using beta-allocation rule, those correctly allocated with 0.50 confidence on the individual days were 75%, 81% and 85% of cases, that adds valuable information on the stability of the estimated classification rule. Method of beta-allocation also allows testing of whether individual observations are correctly assigned at a given significance level.
  Sborník vědeckých prací Lékařské fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Králové. Supplementum 02/1993; 36(1-2):29-36.