Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine (B ACAD NAT MED PARIS)

Publications in this journal

• Article: [Conclusion] [In Process Citation].

  Gérard Pascal
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1827-9.
• Article: [Nutritional value of beef].

  Jean-Marie Bourre
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Beef has specific nutritional qualities relative to other meats. In humans, a balanced diet, based on a ten-day period, requires intake of several nutrient classes, including iron (in the form of heme, for its high bioavailability), zinc and selenium, vitamin B12, B vitamins (especially B2 (PP) and B6), and biologically useful proteins. The lipid profile of beef depends largely on the cut. It is also influenced by the fatty acid profile of the animalfeed, andby the race andage of the animal. Adequate meat intake is recommended for all individuals, and especially those most at risk of malnutrition, such as adolescents, women of childbearing age, pregnant women, the elderly, and those individuals with a high level sports activity.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1787-99.
• Article: [Simulation in pediatric surgery].

  François Becmeur, Isabelle Lacreuse, Luc Soler
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Simulation in paediatric surgery is essential for educational, ethical, medicolegal and economic reasons, and is particularly important for rare procedures. There are three different levels of simulation:--simulation of basic techniques in order to learn or improve surgical skills (dissection, intracorporeal knots, etc.);--preparation for surgery using virtual reality, to perfect and test various procedures on a virtual patient, and to determine the best approaches for individual cases;--behavioral simulation underlines the importance of the preoperative check-list and facilitates crisis management (complications, conversion, etc.).
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1913-20; discussion 1920-1.
• Article: [Videoscopic abdominal aortic aneurysm repair].

  Marc Coggia
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Videoscopic abdominal aortic aneurysm repair is a mini-invasive technique With the current controversies surrounding the long-term results and cost of aortic stentgrafts, videoscopy offers permanent repair of aortic aneurysms while avoiding the abdominal complications of conventional open surgery. In our experience, videoscopy provides short- and mid-term outcomes similar to those of conventional open repair in terms of safety, reliability and durability. However, this is a challenging technique and we must underscore the importance of the learning curve and of previous training in laparoscopic suture.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1899-909; discussion 1909-11.
• Article: [Meat and human health: excess and errors].

  Jean-Michel Lecerf
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Many studies have examined the influence of meat consumption on human health. Meat eaters have a higher body mass index and more weight gain than vegetarians. The risk of type 2 diabetes has also been linked to high meat consumption. However, the statistical correlations with these metabolic disorders are weak. There is inconsistent evidence of a higher cardiovascular risk. A link between high meat consumption and cancer, particularly colorectal cancer, has been observed in nearly all epidemiological studies. Some studies have also shown a link with breast, prostate and lung cancer. The mode of cooking could be partly En 2 responsible for this effect, due for example to heterocyclic aromatic amines production euro during grilling and intensive cooking. Advice is given.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1801-12; discussion 1812.
• Article: [The personalized digital heart].

  Ayache Nicholas, Hervé Delingette, Maxime Sermesant
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Progress in medical image analysis, biomathematics and biophysics has led to the development of the first personalized digital cardiac models that reproduce the anatomy and physiology of individual patients, permitting quantitative analysis of organ function and prediction of therapeutic effects. This article describes recent research in this field by our Asclepios project team at Inria, in collaboration with other Inria teams (Macs, Reo and Sisyphe) and external academic, clinical and industrial partners. While a number of mathematical and computational issues have to be solved before such personalized digital cardiac models can be used in routine clinical practice, these first results announce a new generation of tools in digital medicine which will help to improve preventive and predictive personalized medicine.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1855-66: discussion 1866-7.
• Article: [Economic dimension and environmental impact of beef production in France].

  Jean-Louis Peyraud
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Following recent publication of data on its environmental impact, beef production is being strongly challenged. However, these data concern global ruminant production, which is highly diverse and does not necessarily correspond to the European and French situations. While it is undeniable that ruminant production contributes to global warming, there are several ways of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and permanent pastures serve as carbon sinks. Beef production is also a vital economic sector for many regions, where it would not be possible to produce cereals or to develop intensive animal production systems. Beef production also contributes to many collective services, justifying its continued financial support.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1813-24; discussion 1824-5.
• Article: [Great apes: who are they? Are they able to self-medicate?].

  Sabrina Krief, Jean-Michel Krief, John Kasenene, Thierry Sévenet, Claude Marcel Hladik, Georges Snounou, Jacques Guillot
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Six great ape species (chimpanzees, bonobos, Western gorillas, Eastern gorillas, Sumatran orangutans and Bornean orangutans) live in tropical forests of Africa and South-East Asia. Their habitat, severely threatened by deforestation, contains a vast chemical and biological diversity. During the last decade, we have isolated and identified novel pharmacologically active compounds from plants used by wild chimpanzees in Kibale National Park, Uganda. Our continuous observations over the last 12 years confirm that chimpanzees, when sick, may ingest plant material that are not generally eaten, supporting the existence of self-medication among great apes. Knowledge of great-ape diseases, and the medicinal resources of tropical forests, may be improved by preserving and studying our closest relatives in their natural habitat.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1927-35; discussion 1935-44.
• Article: [Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with transgastric gallbladder extraction].

  Florent Jurczak
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: To describe and evaluate a new cholecystectomy technique combining classical dissection with currently available mini-instrumentation (3 and 5 mm) and gallbladder removal through a short gastrotomy. After a feasibility study, we set up a protocol for this procedure using instrumentation currently available on the market. We performed 106 procedures, including 99 in a prospective study between January 2008 and July 2010. Cholecystectomy was performed with the described technique in 99 of 106 eligible patients (22 males and 77 females, mean age 45.8 years (range 18-77); median BMI 26.4 kg/m2 (range 22-36)). Forty-eight patients had at least one gallstone larger than 10 mm. There were no postoperative gastric complications and recovery was always rapid. This procedure is technically feasible, safe and reproducible. The results are good, with minimal abdominal wall trauma. Normal physical activity can be resumed rapidly with no risk of incisional hernia.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1887-97; discussion 1897-8.
• Article: [Dietary intake of beef].

  Jacques Risse
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1783-5.
• Article: [Modeling the spine and spinal cord].

  Jean Dubousset, Françoise Lavaste, Wafa Skalli, Virginie Lafage
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: 3D reconstruction of the spine may cover morphological, mechanical and functional aspects, among others. Since the computer era, rapid progress has been made in the development of practical applications, as well in the analysis of spinal pathophysiology during growth and aging. This technology is particularly usefulfor the planning, simulation and execution of corrective surgery, invention of new procedures, and therapeutic follow-up.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1831-42.
• Article: [Bleeding risk and acute coronary syndromes in the elderly].

  Jean-Paul Bounhoure, Jean-Louis Montastruc
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Bleeding has recently emerged as an important factor in the management and outcome of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), particularly in elderly patients undergoing percutaneous invasive revascularization. There is evidence that patients who experience major bleeding in the acute phase of ACS are at a higher risk of death or a new infarct in the following months, although the causal nature of this relationship is controversial. In this short review we present the different definitions of bleeding, recommended strategies for the treatment of non ST elevation ACS, predictors of bleeding, and therapeutic options for reducing this risk in elderly patients.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1981-7.
• Article: [Biomechanical modeling of pelvic organ mobility: towards personalized medicine].

  Michel Cosson, Chrystèle Rubod, Alexandra Vallet, Jean-François Witz, Mathias Brieu
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Female pelvic mobility is crucial for urinary, bowel and sexual function and for vaginal delivery. This mobility is ensured by a complex organ suspension system composed of ligaments, fascia and muscles. Impaired pelvic mobility affects one in three women of all ages and can be incapacitating. Surgical management has a high failure rate, largely owing to poor knowledge of the organ support system, including the barely discernible ligamentous system. We propose a 3D digital model of the pelvic cavity based on MRI images and quantitative tools, designed to locate the pelvic ligaments. We thus obtain a coherent anatomical and functional model which can be used to analyze pelvic pathophysiology. This work represents a first step towards creating a tool for localizing and characterizing the source of pelvic imbalance. We examine possible future applications of this model, in terms of personalized therapy and prevention.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1869-83; discussion 1883.
• Article: [Chest modelling and automotive accidents].

  Xavier Trosseille
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Automobile development is increasingly based on mathematical modeling. Accurate models of the human body are now available and serve to develop new means of protection. These models used to consist of rigid, articulated bodies but are now made of several million finite elements. They are now capable of predicting some risks of injury. To develop these models, sophisticated tests were conducted on human cadavers. For example, chest modeling started with material characterization and led to complete validation in the automobile environment. Model personalization, based on medical imaging, will permit studies of the behavior and tolerances of the entire population.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 11/2012; 195(8):1843-51; discussion 1851-3.
• Article: [Diabetes and social deprivation].

  Claude Jaffiol
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 06/2012; 196(6):1187-9.
• Article: [Study of Siberian population movements: use of multiple markers].

  Bertrand Ludes
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: To further explore early Eurasian steppe migration, we determined the Y chromosome and mitochondrial haplotypes of 26 ancient human specimens from the Krasnoyarsk area, dated between the middle of the second millennium BC and the fourth century AD. Our autosomal Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA analyses reveal that, whereas few specimens seem to be related matrilineally or patrilineally, nearly all the subjects belong to haplogroup R1a1--M17, which is thought to mark the eastward migration of early Indo-Europeans. Our results also confirm that, during the Bronze and Iron Ages, southern Siberia was a region of overwhelming European settlement.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 06/2012; 196(6):1087-1100; discussion 1100-2.
• Article: [Genesis of food allergy in infancy].

  Denise-Anne Moneret-Vautrin
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Food allergy originates from physiological fetal Th2 polarization. The normal shift towards Th1 dominance during the first months of life is defective in the atopic infant. Several factors are critical for the development of food allergy. The influence of genetic factors has been shown by familial aggregation studies, and numerous candidate genes have been identified Gene polymorphisms interact with the environment, contributing to fetal programming Heritable epigenetic modifications occur rapidly in response to environmental factors and may explain the recent increase in food allergies and other atopic diseases. Atmospheric agents and the maternal diet during pregnancy may either increase or decrease the risk. Birth conditions, the intestinal microbiota, age at which food diversification begins, and exposure to food allergens and pollutants by inhalation, ingestion and skin contact may all contribute to the onset of food allergy in infancy. Partial prophylaxis is now within reach. Preventive information must be provided to families at high risk of atopy in their offspring.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 06/2012; 196(6):1131-40.
• Article: [Cardiac resynchronization: past, present and future].

  Jean-Claude Daubert, Christophe Leclercq, Philippe Mabo
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Growing interest in dyssynchrony and cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) has opened the way for new hemodynamic indications of cardiac stimulation. French investigators have played a key role in the formulation of new concepts based on clinical observation, as well as the development of resynchronisation devices in collaboration with industry, and their clinical evaluation. This review summarizes recent knowledge and perspectives pertaining to atrial, atrioventricular (AV) and ventricular dyssynchrony and resynchronisation. Some of these concepts have been validated by robust clinical evidence, on which scientific recommendations have been based. Others have been less successful but probably merit further attention.
  Bulletin de l'Académie nationale de médecine 06/2012; 196(6):1141-56; discussion 1156-8.